How healthy are India's 1.4 billion people? She was recorded to have been 6ft 3 and known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her merciless beatings of female prisoners. Marching in severe winter conditions and treated brutally by SS guards, thousands died during the march. Explore a timeline of events that occurred before, during, and after the Holocaust. Bruno Dey was convicted of complicity in mass murder there last year and given a suspended sentence, Several lesser known trials followed against the staff of various concentration camps. [12], The first 150 inmates, imprisoned on 2 September 1939, were selected among Poles and Jews arrested in Danzig immediately after the outbreak of war. Such marches became common, as the Nazis sought to erase evidence of their crimes, and many of the detainees were killed as the war neared its end. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. A former SS guard at a concentration camp, charged with aiding and abetting hundreds of murders, is standing trial in Mnster's district court. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. Edited by G. ukomski, G. Kucharski. Read more:Nazi guard testifies about Stutthof concentration camp, To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. She also personally selected women and children for the gas chambers, on one occasion, in 1944, sending 3,000 to their death. Last modified on Tue 6 Nov 2018 18.34 EST. [19][28] It was also added that Spanner was arrested twice after the war but released after each time after explaining how he had conducted the maceration and injection process of his models and was declared "clean" by the denazification program in 1948, officially exonerated, and resumed his academic career. "You didn't know if the officers were acting on orders, or if they did it on their breaks," he said. The rest of the prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. It was turned into a concentration camp by its second commandant, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Josef Kramer, and was used to house those prisoners who had become too weak to work as forced labour in German factories. Numbers []. Braunstein was sentenced to three years in jail by a British court in 1958 and emigrated to the US, where she married a construction worker. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. Your email address will not be published. [11], Several Norwegian Waffen SS volunteers worked as guards or as instructors for prisoners from Nordic countries, according to senior researcher at the Norwegian Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities, Terje Emberland. Check out our SECOND CHANNEL TheFortress for a new video EVERY DAY! [15] It is believed that inmates sent for immediate execution were not registered. He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. These were Johann Pauls, SS-Aufseherins Jenny Wanda Barkmann, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, Ewa Paradies, Gerda Steinhoff. She is believed to have spent her childhood in Hamburg, Germany. Key and copyright. To support our channel, please make sure to subscribe. Women were needed, especially to oversee womens camps like at Ravensbruck. Germany: Ex-Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him. She was known for whipping prisoners with her riding crop as she rode past and, according to some accounts, forcing them to have sex with her. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. Anyone marching who didn't have the strength was shot," said Mr Goldberg. [1] When the Soviet army began its advance through German-occupied Estonia in July and August 1944, the camp staff of Klooga concentration camp evacuated the majority of the inmates by sea and sent them to Stutthof. All opinions and comments and dialogue should discuss the video above in a historical manner.TheUntoldPast does not accept any racism, profanity, insults, sexism or any negative discussion aimed at an individual. The town of Sztutowo (Polish name for ' Stutthof') lies 55km east of Gdask and is easily accessed by both car and bus. had worked as a secretary at the Stutthof concentration camp was charged with . [2], In 1953 the court in Gdask tried SS-man Bielawa (SS Rottenfhrer Paul Bielawa, a prisoner guard from the 3rd company in Stutthof between 194145)[1] and sentenced him to twelve years. I met her in the field and did not manage to get out of her way in time. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malmo, Sweden, and released to the care of that neutral country. HAMBURG, Germany A German court on Thursday found a former Nazi SS camp guard guilty of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder and one case of accessory to attempted murder equal to the number. The land was very wet, almost at sea level. Why Did Ancient Egyptian Men Wear Makeup? One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). Dey was sentenced to two years in prison. The infamous main entrance to Stutthof became known as the Death Gate, Irmgard Furchner was given a two-year suspended jail term for complicity in murder, Zigi Shipper and Manfred Goldberg came from different countries but were able to communicate in Yiddish, Nazi typist guilty of complicity in 10,500 murders, Harry: I always felt different to rest of family, Chris Rock jokes about Oscars slap in Netflix show, Everything Everywhere wins big ahead of Oscars, PM to end asylum claims from small boat arrivals, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, Mbappe breaks PSG goal record in win over Nantes. By the end of the war at least 110,000 were deported there, including Jewish detainees and Soviet prisoners of war. This days condemned camp commandant Johann Pauls, five male kapos, and five female guards were the product of the first of four Stutthof trials held in 1946-1947. In a 2017 book, Holocaust survivor Lina Haag claimed Lichtenberg prisoners were stripped naked and tied to wooden posts, where Maria Mandl would then beat us mercilessly until she could no longer lift her arm., Mandl looked for women who had broken the rules by curling their hair and even one single curl would mean a woman was kicked to the ground and beaten around the head, or she would shave their head and parade them around the camp with a sign around their neck that read: I broke the rules and curled my hair.. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. He was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. As Soviet forces closed in on Stutthof in late April 1945, the Nazis decided to abandon the camp and sent the remaining inmates on a death march. It was liberated by the British army on April 15th, 1945. Bothe was sentenced to 10 years in prison for war crimes. Historydefined.net is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, Copyright 2023 History Defined | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. At the subsequent trial, liberated prisoners said Grese - dubbed the Beautiful Beast - tortured prisoners both physically and emotionally and enjoyed shooting prisoners in cold blood. German Court Sentences Ex-Concentration Camp Secretary to Probation Irmgard Furchner, who was in her late teens when she worked in the Stutthof camp, was convicted as the authorities make a. [2] SS-Rottenfhrer Emil Strehlau was sentenced by the court in Torun (Wloclawek) on April 23, 1948, to death for war crimes. The link refering to a Geocities site is no more valid, Copyright 2023 ExecutedToday.com :: All Rights Reserved :: A WordPress joint Theme originally by WarAxe at Negative99, modified by Brian at Logjamming Contact the Headsman, our one-of-a-kind custom playing card deck, 1570: Aonio Paleario, Italian religious reformer, 1947: Ding Mocun, not as hot a lay in real life, 1946: Eleven from the Stutthof concentration camp, 1855: Pietro Fortunato Calvi, the last Belfiore Martyr, 1828: William Rice but not John Montgomery, who cheated the hangman with prussic acid, 1835: Joshua Cotton and William Saunders, steam doctors, 1941: Numberless Poles and Jews by Felix Landau's Einsatzkommando, 1589: Hemmerlein, chief-ranger of the Margrave, 1762: Crown Prince Sado, locked in a rice chest, 1533: John Frith and Andrew Hewet, Protestants, 1952: Rudolf Slansky and 10 conspirators, 1916: Syrian and Lebanese nationalists, who christen Martyrs Day, 1958: Imre Nagy, former Prime Minister of Hungary, 1953: Dmytro Bilinchuk, Company 67 of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, ExecutedToday.com Executed Todays Fifth Annual Report: Hang Five, ExecutedToday.com Executed Todays Third Annual Report: Third Time Lucky, ExecutedToday.com Executed Todays Second Annual Report: Once Bitten, Twice Die, ExecutedToday.com Executed Todays First Annual Report: One Year of Dying Languorously, 1617: A miller of Manberna, the hangmans last, 2009: Ehsan Fatahian, Iranian Kurdish activist, 1066: John Scotus, sacrificed to Radegast, 1801: Hyacinth Moise, Haitian Revolution general, 1738: George Whalley and Dean Briant, wife-murderers. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. An Israeli witness who survived the Nazi death camp at Stutthof has described how SS guards staged sadistic "shows" to torture prisoners. This blog has been around for a while. Feb. 5, 2021 Public prosecutors in Germany have indicted a 95-year-old woman for her role supporting the Nazi killing machinery as a secretary in a concentration camp, charging her with 10,000. Two weeks later, on September 15th 1939 . The first female guards arrived in the camps starting in 1942 at Auschwitz and Majdanek from Ravensbruck. The second commandant SS-Sturmbannfhrer Paul-Werner Hoppe (August 1942 - January 1945) was apprehended in 1953 in West Germany and later sentenced to nine years imprisonment. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. Stutthof was a concentration camp in an isolated, marshy, and forested region near the village of Stutthof east of Danzig. [7][8] Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. Over 65,000 prisoners perished, many of who were Polish Intelligentsia, former politicians, and resistance leaders, as well as 28,000 Jews. [38], In July 2021, a 96-year-old German secretary, Irmgard Furchner, who had been part of KZ Stutthof was arrested to be tried for war crimes. Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. Ten were sentenced to death. Follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/theuntoldpastFollow me on Instagram: www.instagram.com/theuntoldpastDisclaimer: All opinions and comment stated below in the Comments section do not represent the opinion of TheUntoldPast. Any woman, even without work experience, could become a concentration camp guard. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. In total, 23,566 Jews (including 21,817 women) were transferred to Stutthof from Auschwitz, and 25,053 (including 16,123 women) from camps in the Baltic states. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions The 99-year-old, who has not been identified, is thought to have worked as a guard at the Ravensbrck concentration camp between 1943 and 1945, authorities said. [2] Pauly was tried by the British for war crimes with thirteen others in the Curio Haus in Hamburg which was located in the British occupied sector of Germany. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland. On one occasion, she selected 1,100 of 1,400 prisoners present to be sent to their deaths. The 92-year-old Israeli citizentraveled to Germany to give evidence in the trial of Bruno D., a former SS private accused of 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murderat Stutthof from 1944 to 1945. Known, chillingly, as the woman with the dogs, Juana Bormann used trained dogs in sadistic attacks on inmates at Ravensbruck and later Auschwitz, where she served under Irma Grese. In 1944 she became a guard at the Stutthof Concentration camp. At Auschwitz she would pick kids as pets, with one survivor recalling how she dressed one in fine clothing, parading it around like a puppet - only to send the child to the gas chamber when she got bored. [11] In December 2018, the trial was suspended, since the convict had to be hospitalized for serious heart and kidney problems. swisslotto. She was sentenced to death, alongside Bormann and Grese, after being found guilty of crimes against humanity. The Holocaust Encyclopedia estimates that (less officially) some 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central Poland. The selection process for these guards was lax. On this date in 1946, officials of Soviet-occupied Poland publicly hanged eleven convicted war criminals of the Stutthof concentration camp. The well known Nuremberg Trials were only concerned with concentration camps as evidence for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by the Third Reich leadership. While I was standing, she kicked me in my back, causing me to fall. Thanks, Max the link is fixed in the entry now as well. The former secretary, who lives in a care home and is unnamed, had worked at the Stutthof camp near Danzig, in Nazi-occupied Poland. The major subcamps were in Toru (Thorn) and in Elblg (Elbing). As the war ended, Jenny Barkmann attempted to evade the Red Army under a false name in the besieged city of Gdansk. TheUntoldPast has the right to delete any comment with this content inside it and also ban the user from the channel. ", How nine women escaped from a Nazi death march, Historic ocean treaty agreed after decade of talks, China looks at reforms to deepen Xi's control, Inside the enclave surrounded by pro-Russia forces, 'The nurses wanted me to feel guilty about my abortion, From Afghan TV fame to a US factory floor. The commandant of the Stutthof and Neuengamme concentration camps SS-Sturmbannfhrer Max Pauly was sentenced to death in Germany at about the same time. The execution of guards of the Stutthof concentration camp on July 4th 1946. 2020 THE SUN, US, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | TERMS OF USE | PRIVACY | YOUR AD CHOICES | SITEMAP, Isle Koch in an internment centre after her arrest, Women prisoners are put to work at Ravensbruck concentration camp, A roll call at Buchenwald camp, where Ilse Koch chose her victims, Ilse Koch at her trial in Germany in 1950, 'Tattooed human skin' found at the house of Ilse Koch after her arrest, Tattooed swatches are shown at the trial of Ilse Koch, Irma Grese beat women to death in the concentration camps, A boy walks down a road lined with dead prisoners from the Belsen camp, after its liberation in 1945, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected victims for the gas chamber, Hermine Braunstein was known as the "stomping mare", Hertha Bothe was known as the Sadist of Stutthof, Maria Mandl stripped and beat women "mercilessly", Female Nazi guards tortured and killed thousands, beat naked women to death & made lampshades from human skin, Prince Charles and Camilla BOTH receive their first dose of Covid vaccine, Moment pregnant newlywed, 18, and husband, 19, veer on wrong side of road in 89mph police chase before dying in crash. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. [17] Between 63,000 and 65,000 people died in the camp. How does climate change affect El Nino and La Nina cycles? A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. A 99-year-old who was being investigated on suspicion of complicity in murder as a former Nazi camp guard has died, ending the case against him, German prosecutors said Tuesday. Other witnesses said she beat women to death with wooden sticks and shot at women who were too slow when carrying heavy containers of food. [citation needed] Until 1942, nearly all of the prisoners were Polish. Theres more about Stutthofs history at the Holocaust Research Project, and at the current memorial facilitys home page. There were also Polish Jews from Warsaw and Bialystok, and Jews from forced-labor camps in the occupied Baltic states, which the Germans evacuated in 1944 as Soviet forces approached. Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was. A 95-year-old woman who worked for the commandant of a Nazi concentration camp has been charged in north Germany with aiding . SVIZZERA-LOTTO www. She earned a horrific legacy and nickname despite only working for a year. The remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. Its unknown why she would voluntarily seek work at a concentration camp so late in the war, but it was likely due to some misplaced sense of nationalism. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. Another former Nazi camp guard, who is 101-years-old, was sentenced to five years in prison for being an accessory to murder in 3,500 cases at the . At the Auschwitz trial in Krakow, in 1947, Mandl was declared a war criminal and was executed by hanging on Jan. 24, 1948. Found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death. Your email address will not be published. Often described as one of historys cruellest women, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected thousands of women and children to be sent to the gas chambers. The former librarian, from Dresden, was a keen horsewoman who used stolen cash from prisoners to build an indoor riding arena at the Buchenwald camp, which housed 20,000 slave labourers. Loved seeing the nazi scum hanging,i hope they suffered a long agonising death. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on . Among the 55,000 guards at the concentration camps, 10,000 were women and they were trained to be every bit as vicious as their male counterparts. . It was also surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fence and contained thirty new barracks, raising the total area to 1.2 square kilometres (0.46sqmi). After beginning her career at the all-female camp, Lichtenberg, the dedicated Nazi used brutality and cruelty to work to her way up to the highest female rank possible, Oberaufseherin, or chief guard. His testimony is part of a court case against a 93-year-old former guard. Originally, it was a civil prison camp for political enemies of the . At a hill in Gdansk known as Biskupia Gorka (Bishop Hill), upon a specially-erected row of four T-shaped double gallows centered around a pi-shaped triple gallows, and before a crowd of thousands, the doomed eleven were noosed on the back of military trucks which then drove away to leave them strangling to death with a short drop hanging. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. The Executions of Nazi Stutthof camp SS female guards and kapos by former camp prisoners ThePastQuest 96K views 7 months ago Execution of Maria Masha Bruskina by nazi publicly hanging at. At Ravensbruck and Majdanek, Braunsteiner whipped women to death and was said to have thrown children by their hair onto trucks that took them to their deaths in gas chambers. In December of the same year, a 97-year-old former secretary of the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland was given a two-year suspended prison sentence. From left to right: Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, Ewa Paradies, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, and Gerda Steinhoff. Koryski was taken from Lithuania to Stutthofin 1944, when he was 16 years old. Berlin CNN A former secretary from the Stutthof Nazi concentration camp has been charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people, German prosecutors said Friday, in what is a rare. The camp in Nazi-occupied Poland was opened on September 2, 1939, one day after the German . [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. The first prisoners arrived in the camp on September 2nd. They were cut off by advancing Soviet forces. She was 36. [33] In February 2019 the trial of a defendant matching this description (whom Reuters reported could not be named for legal reasons) was halted after a medical report was issued stating that the defendant was unfit to stand trial, the trial already having been suspended since the previous December. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. But the few that took pleasure from the horrors within the walls of the camps proved the female of the species really can be deadlier than the male. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. Survivors testified that she seemed to derive sexual pleasure from her sadistic acts. The camp is east of modern-day Gdansk and a short walk from the sea. Located 22 miles east of Danzig, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp in January 1942. Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. Apprehended after the war, she was sentenced and publicly hanged in Gdansk. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. Not to be confused with, Location of the former Stutthof concentration camp in Poland, The execution of the SS overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp: Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff, and Pauls on 4 July 1946, with priest, Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks, Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators, Resistance, victims, documentation and technical, M. Tomkiewicz, P. Semkw: Profesor Rudolf Maria Spanner naukowiec czy eksperymentator? "You did not seek a way out," the judge said. One camp which was established in Poland was Stutthof Concentration Camp, and throughout its time in operation around 65,000 people died at the camp. Like many of his fellow inmates, the man would be murdered and stripped of his skin - which would be used to make a lampshade in Kochs home. The prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. National Socialism was RIGHT and we will return and we will remember things like this, so lowlife like you had better beware.. Nazi concentration camp in present-day Sztutowo, Poland, "Stutthof" redirects here. [10], In November 2018, Johann Rehbogen from Borken was tried in court for serving at Stutthof camp from June 1942 to September 1944. Grese, who was passing on a bicycle, immediately got off, took off her leather belt and beat the woman with it. When the Allies tried the perpetrators of the Holocaust after the end of the war, the public was surprised by the beastly behavior of female guards like Irma Grese and Elisabeth Volkenrath, who often committed worse acts than their male counterparts. a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of complicity in the murder of more than 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp located in occupied Poland. He was executed November 8 in Wloclawek[7][8]. The initiative for the foundation of SS companies dealing in building materials from concentration camps originated in 1937 with regional SS officials in Thuringia, especially the state's Interior Minister Hellmuth Gommlich []. As I was lying on the ground she kept kicking. More than 85,000 victims died in the camp out of as many as 110,000 inmates deported there. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. [4], Stutthof was the first German concentration camp set up outside German borders in World WarII, in operation from 2 September 1939. Now 97, she has been found guilty of aiding and abetting the murders of more than 10,500 detainees. 99 . Bus Tours. At the age of 24, she accompanied a death march of women from central Poland to Bergen-Belsen. The event drew an immense crowd of approximately 200,000 people, and due to humanitarian concerns, authorities refrained from organizing further public executions. All those who worked in it were. This week, a 95-year-old woman was arrested in Germany and charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people - the first such case in recent years.