The second in the trilogy, Slipstream: A Daughter Remembers, is devoted to the political and private lives of her father. On Monday it will be opened at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade on Dominica Drive in New Kingston. Michael Manley was married five times, providing Manley with several step-mothers and siblings. Together with his friend and rival, the Rt Hon Hugh Shearer of the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union, Mr Manley exhibited the organisational and negotiating skills which advanced the lives of countless Jamaican workers. Much of the political material was cut from her book because her publisher felt her reflections on the father/daughter relationship should be the heart of it. [27][28], In response to a wave of killings in 1974, Manley oversaw the passage of the Gun Court Act and the Suppression of Crime Act, giving the police and the army new powers to seal off and disarm high-violence neighborhoods. Sheldon performs across New England as Yankee humorist Fred Marple and is the creator of the hit comedy show Frost Heaves. The Masters and Servants Act was abolished, and a Labour Relations and Industrial Disputes Act provided workers and their trade unions with enhanced rights. It cannot be easy being the child of a prime minister, let alone a famously charismatic one who served three terms. At left, Mr Michael Manley consoles his grief-stricken mother, Mrs Edna Manley, and her other son, Dr Douglas Manley also supports her in her sorrow. As she told Macleans, They were all mine. Forced to share her father with several different families and his demanding political career, Manley often felt very distant from him. The History of West Indies Cricket, Manley, Michael, Good Condition, ISBN 023398. ..very disappointed! In the prologue to the first of the trilogy, Drumblair: Memories of a Jamaican Childhood, Manley declared, This is not historythis is memory., Black Iris Rachel Manleys Literary Romance (2021) "The people I loved always needed to excuse themselves from some more profound cause to see me.". Increases in pensions and poor relief were carried out,[8] along with a reform of local government taxation, an increase in youth training,[9] an expansion of day care centres. Manley wrote seven books, including the award-winning A History of West Indies Cricket, in which he discussed the links between cricket and West Indian nationalism. British-born Manley took over as CEO of FCA in July 2018 Mike Manley after long-time chief Sergio Marchionne, a charismatic and iconic figure credited with saving Fiat, fell ill and died. C I just have a difference of opinion on several statements. Manley saw Cuba and the Cuban model as having much to offer both Jamaica and the world. Manley-Duncan is embraced by the Manley and Duncan children, and misses campaigning with D.K. On June 11, 1972 the Hon. Reviewed in the United States on December 6, 2014. [19], The government also announced a 50% increase in the amount of nutritional assistance for the most vulnerable groups (including pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children). Rising to the post of Jamaicas chief minister in 1955, he became prime minister when Jamaica gained full independence in 1962. [13], Subsidised meals, transportation and uniforms for schoolchildren from disadvantaged backgrounds were introduced,[14] together with free education at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. This book was well written and enjoyable to read, assuming it is a work of fiction! Under Manley, Jamaica established a minimum wage for all workers, including domestic workers. Michael Manley is the pen name of author Ken Sheldon. All Rights Reserved. Add to Wishlist. In 1966 Manley married Barbara Lewars (died in 1968); in 1972 he married Beverley Anderson but the marriage was dissolved in 1990. In the election year of 1980 over 800 Jamaicans were killed. Nashua Telegraph. Although he was a Jamaican from an elite family, Manley's successful trade union background helped him to maintain a close relationship with the country's poor majority, and he was a dynamic, popular leader. In the election year of 1980 around 800 Jamaicans were killed. Supporters of his opponent Edward Seaga and the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) and Manley's People's National Party (PNP) engaged in a bloody struggle which began before the 1976 election and ended when Seaga was installed as Prime Minister in 1980. Virtual reality and sports seem like polar opposites. Michael Norman Manley : Prime Minister of Jamaica (National Library of Jamaica", "Castro Speech Data Base - Latin American Network Information Center, LANIC", "Michael Norman Manley (December 10, 1924 March 6, 1997) The Integrationist", "The Most Honourable Michael Manley (1924 - 1997)", "Order of Merit (OM) Jamaica Information Service", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Manley&oldid=1135081262, Royal Canadian Air Force personnel of World War II, Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, Jamaican members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, People's National Party (Jamaica) politicians, Recipients of the Order of Merit (Jamaica), Jamaican expatriates in Antigua and Barbuda, Jamaican expatriates in the United Kingdom, Recipients of the Order of the Caribbean Community, All Wikipedia articles written in Jamaican English, Pages using Template:Post-nominals with customized linking, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 January 2023, at 14:47. Prime Minister P.J. Well written (no sex and bad language) and fast paced always moving the story forward. The introduction of universally free secondary education was a major step in removing the institutional barriers to private sector and preferred government jobs that required secondary diplomas. Our thoughts and prayers to the Manley family. He had taken over as leader of his late father's People's National Party five years earlier and stormed to power with a landslide election victory, with ambitious and popular plans to reform Jamaica's long-neglected economy through his belief in social justice and self-reliance. Manley then married Thelma Verity in 1955; in 1960 this marriage was also dissolved. The PNP was returned to office, winning 47 seats to the JLP's 13. He then served as leader of the Opposition, until his party won in the general elections of 1972. As she told Macleans, They were all mine. Forced to share her father with several different families and his demanding political career, Manley often felt very distant from him. Press KINGSTON, Jamaica, streets and perched in trees, thousands said tearful goodbyes to, "connections to from lowed by a foot procession to Heroes Park, where, service was followed by a foot procession to Heroes Park, where, March Sl. Manley and the PNP spent almost nine years in opposition before reclaiming the government in the election of 1989. Rachel Manley is known not only for her poetry, but for her non-fiction trilogy about one of Jamaicas most influential familiesher own. and the trips to Hanover, where he was member of parliament. Her frustrated love for him sears through every page, for not only did she have to contend with his long-term passion - politics - she also had to battle for his affection against a string of "big-bottomed" beauties who caught his restless attention. A State of Emergency was declared by Manley's party the PNP in June and 500 people, including some prominent members of the JLP, were accused of trying to overthrow the government and were detained, without charges, in a specially created prison at the Up-Park Camp military headquarters. In 1975 Manley moved to Barbados, and eventually settled in Canada. In the 1980 Jamaican general election, Seaga's JLP won 51 of the 60 seats, and he became Prime Minister. It was hard to put down because the action seemed to be at crisis stage for long passages. Manley was born in Cornwall, England, on July 3, 1947. With Cuba just 145 km (90 mi) north of Jamaica, he strengthened diplomatic relations between the two island nations, much to the dismay of United States policymakers. He taught a graduate seminar and gave a series of public lectures at Columbia University in New York. Technological details concerning computers and internet access and the related workings of the stock market, both political and industrial influences, make this a plausible and cautionary tale for all readers. He studied at Jamaica College between 1935 and 1943. In addition, a limited land reform programme was carried out that leased and sold land to small farmers, and land plots were granted to hundreds of farmers. The minimum voting age was lowered to 18 years, while equal pay for women was introduced. February 3, 2014. Well, if you want to read an excellent computer thriller set in 1990 do not pass this one up. View details, map and photos of this single family property with 4 bedrooms and 3 total baths. Bloomberg's Joe Weisenthal and Tracy Alloway analyze the weird patterns, the complex issues and the newest market crazes. The PNP won 45 seats to the JLP's 15. Reviewed in the United States on December 7, 2014. a performer, touring New England as Fred Marple, the unofficial spokesman for the town of Frost Heaves. Copyright Simbis Inc.All rights reserved. Indeed, the two elections accompanied by the greatest violence were those (1976 and 1980) in which Seaga was trying to unseat Manley. However in 1962 accepted an appointment to the Senate of the Parliament of Jamaica. The PNP was returned to office. After the war, he returned to Jamaica to practice law, and, after entering politics rose to the post of Jamaicas chief minister in 1955 and became its first and only Premier when Jamaica gained self-government before Independence. This was a great suspense story that had me turning pages at a rapid race. Historically, land tenure in Jamaica has been rather inequitable. In 1986 Manley travelled to Britain and visited Birmingham. Michael Manley was born on 6 March, 1964 in Edenbridge, United Kingdom, is a CEO of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Manleys writing in Slipstream has been described as straightforward and elegant, never dense or unfathomable; the prose is beautifully poised, deceptively easy on the senses, eye, ear, and sensibility. They were the parents of at least 4 sons. When her father died in 1997, Manley was devastated. [11] The PNP government in 1974 also formed the Jamaica Movement for the Advancement of Literacy (JAMAL), which administered adult education programs with the goal of involving 100,000 adults a year. It is joyously disturbing and disturbingly joyous.. He was, she says, the magnet that drew all to him, the drummer who set the rhythm of her life, the elusive word that was missing from her sentences. In 1975 Rachel moved to Barbados, and eventually settled in Canada. Though Michael Manley was ailing for some time, people were still overcome with grief at the news of his death. He strongly opposed intervention in Grenada after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop was overthrown and executed. [8] He then served as leader of the Opposition, until his party won in the general elections of 1972. Michael Manley became interested in politics as his father was helping to found the People's National Party (PNP) in 1938. In 1955 he married Thelma Verity the adopted daughter of Sir Philip Sherlock OM and his wife Grace Verity; in 1960, this marriage was also dissolved. Born July 3, 1947, in Cornwall, England I also used CompuServe for several years which is mentioned by name in this story. Her first memoir, Drumblair: Memories of a Jamaican Childhood, published in 1996, won the Canadian Governor Generals Award for non-fiction. In his speech he said, "All anti-imperialists know that the balance of forces in the world shifted irrevocably in 1917 when there was a movement and a man in the October Revolution, and Lenin was the man." In Drumblair, Manley focuses on the lives of her grandparents, Norman and Edna Manley. Jerry Pournelle, best-selling author of The Mote in God's Eye and Lucifer's Hammer, "a lively high-tech story, fun to read, and yes, a little bit disturbing" Concord Monitor, "a chilling scenario, whichplays out to its chilling (and all-too-plausible) extremes." Under Manley, Jamaica established a minimum wage for all workers, including domestic workers. He, too, found them mystifying and challenging. [35][42] Photographer Maria LaYacona's portrait of Manley appears on the Jamaican $1,000 note.[43]. For feedback: contact the Editorial Department atonlinefeedback@gleanerjm.com. I remember when Netscape was giving out free software (I think it was 1991) for the then new WWW Browser experience. Education: University of West Indies, BA, 1969. He is also the author of Probability of Detection, written with the late Stan Miastkowski.Ken Sheldon has written for publications ranging from Acoustic Guitar to Yankee Magazine. AU $10.31 + AU $42.53 postage. In 1969, when Manley was 22, Norman Manley died. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! [9] Free health care for all Jamaicans was introduced, while health clinics and a paramedical system in rural areas were established. Born to National Hero Norman Washington Manley and his wife, Edna Manley, Michael had one other sibling, his brother Douglas. He meant his legacy to be financial independence, but he left the country with spiritual independence. [14] Special employment programmes were also launched,[15] together with programmes designed to combat illiteracy. A state funeral is planned for March 16. She regrets this because, however difficult it was to accept that, for her father, Jamaica came first, she is proud of what he eventually achieved for his country. Join our newsletter to get the latest articles, news, & videos. Reviewed in the United States on January 4, 2021. In response to a wave of killings in 1974, Manley oversaw the passage of the Gun Court Act and the Suppression of Crime Act, giving the police and the army new powers to seal off and disarm high-violence neighborhoods. Two children: Drum Drummond, Luke Ennevor Sign up for The Gleaners morning and evening newsletters. From there, Ken went on to become (in no particular order): a cartoonist, with work published in newspapers and magazines including The Saturday Evening Post. Michael Manley "Michael Norman Manley, longtime prime minister of Jamaica, was born December 10, 1924 in the suburbs of Kingston, Jamaica to a well-off family. Michael's personal network of family, friends, associates & neighbors include Christine Manley, Carolyn Manley, William Manley, Diana Colon-manley and Dana Manley. It didn't work. Capital Red Couch Talks Interview (2021) In 1946 he married Jacqueline Kamellard but the marriage was dissolved in 1951. It seemed that her father, Michael Manley, cared more about Jamaica than he did about her. fighting prostate cancer. For him, normal was public office and a fractured private life. His socialist experiments in the Seventies failed badly; violence marred his second election victory and three assassination attempts were made on his life. [10], Manley was Prime Minister when Jamaica experienced a significant escalation of its political culture of violence. Please try again. In addition, the programme focused on creating direct employment, training, and credit for much of the population. Jamaican Jeanine McIntosh becomes first black female On this day in Jamaican history: Lisa Hanna. [17] Free health care for all Jamaicans was introduced, while health clinics and a paramedical system in rural areas were established. A worker's participation programme was introduced,[11] together with a new mental health law. "He was a pragmatist. When his father was elected chief minister of Jamaica in 1955, Manley resisted entering politics, not wanting to be seen as capitalizing on his family name. The Masters and Servants Act was abolished, and a Labour Relations and Industrial Disputes Act provided workers and their trade unions with enhanced rights. Her grandparents, who were prominent citizens and led extremely active public lives, managed to provided Manley with the only family stability she had while she was growing up. In the prologue to the first of the trilogy, Drumblair: Memories of a Jamaican Childhood, Manley declared, This is not historythis is memory. Manleys memory is rich in detail and of great interest to her readers, who are certainly awaiting the last installment of her Jamaican trilogy. Manley declared that "There is no place in this society for the gun, now or ever. Percival James Patterson (1935 - ) - The National Library of Jamaica", "The Hon. Reviewed in the United States on October 18, 2014. It was pure fate that originally brought Manley, a native of the UK, into the DaimlerChrysler family. Manley, who in 1989 had edited Ednas diaries and published them as Edna Manley: The Diaries, planned for the final book in her trilogy to focus solely on Edna Swithbank Manley. His father, Norman Washington Manley (1893-1969), was a brilliant lawyer of international renown, Rhodes Scholar, phenomenal all-round schoolboy athlete, and decorated World War I veteran who later founded a national social welfare commission, led the successful campaigns for universal suffrage and independence, and was posthumously declared one "Nowadays, charisma is a pejorative term, used of those who charm the media, but he was magical. The plot is well developed and Mr. Manley understands the manipulation exercised by power hungry, unprincipled individuals who use brainwashing to control their preys. [7], In 1980, Manley gave a series of public lectures at Columbia University in New York. [10] and an upgrading of hospitals. Makes you want Not being well-versed in the workings of the stock market, I found myself having to almost study those parts of the book, but the plot was intriguing and kept me reading. His father, Norman Manley, was a lawyer and political activist in Jamaica and considered by many to be a national hero. Beverly Anderson Manley wrote The Manley Memoirs in June 2008. Michael Norman Manley was bom Dec. 10, 1924, the son of Norman Washington Manley, who founded Jamaica's people's Nationa) Party, and Edna Swithenbank, a noted sculptor. Beverly Manley wrote The Manley Memoirs in June 2008. What if you couldn't quit? "convincing and fast-paced, and ultimately resonates far beyond the scope of a simple whodonit." Adding to family turmoil was the fact that Normans cousin, Alexander Bustamante, led a rival political group, the Jamaican Labor Party. Michael Manley became Jamaica's second Prime Minister in office to get married when he married 27- year-old radio and television personality Miss Beverly Anderson. Thank you, Mr. Manley, for this page turner. The introduction of universally free secondary education was a major step in removing the institutional barriers to private sector and preferred government jobs that required secondary diplomas. The Family 350. by Michael Manley, Ken Sheldon | Editorial Reviews. He is interred at the National Heroes Park, where his father Norman Manley is also interred. An army caption retrieving the Jamaican Flag from the coffin of Mr. Norman Manley as it sinks slowly into the grave, after members of the clergy (left) had consecrated the ground in a brief ceremony at the National shrine on September 7, 1969. In 1945, he enrolled at the London School of Economics. "I wish we had been a more normal family," she told him as he lay on his deathbed in 1997. (online reviewer), "A compelling novel, and a real page turner. Michael Manley, envisaging a connected and interrelated community of nations, recognised the critical importance of the teachers as shapers of a new learning paradigm which equipped the learner. [31], The state of emergency continued into the next year. "[26] Despite some international opposition, Manley deepened and strengthened Jamaica's ties with Cuba. [38], Manley had five children from his five marriages: Rachel Manley, Joseph Manley, Sarah Manley, Natasha Manley, and David Manley. It is the philosophy that holds people together and she is excited by the PNP's path today under Mark Golding's leadership. Land reform expanded under his administration. Her uncle rumbled her and Manley scarcely noticed her cry for help. She was the first child of Michael Manley and Jacqueline Kamelard-Gill. Members of the Manley family followed, Mrs . Indeed, the two elections accompanied by the greatest violence were those (1976 and 1980) in which Seaga was trying to unseat Manley. Mike Manley is Chief Executive Officer at Autonation Inc. See Mike Manley's compensation, career history, education, & memberships. Seaga's administration had fallen out of favor both with the electorate and the US and the PNP was re-elected. "I wish we had been a more normal family," she told him as he lay on his deathbed in 1997. Connecting decision makers to a dynamic network of information, people and ideas, Bloomberg quickly and accurately delivers business and financial information, news and insight around the world. Edna and Norman were first cousins, and this fact caused much public discussion. Sheldon is also the creator of books and music for children, which he writes under the name Ken Sheldon, and humor books published as Yankee humorist Fred Marple. Too much in depth computer jargon and completely spoilt the story! A popular columnist for PC Monthly magazine falls to his death from the Golden Gate Bridge. Michael Manley was married five times . Rachel Manley, daughter of the former prime minister of Jamaica, tells Cassandra Jardine about living in a politician's slipstream. Jamaica Observer Eden is Jamaica: An Interview with Rachel Manley (2020) Part 1 | Part 2 Manley attended Jamaica College and then served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. Michael Manley was a statesman, three-term prime minister and father of democratic socialism in Jamaica. ", As for Rachel's own yearning for her father, perhaps writing it all down has proved cathartic? Michael J. Manley 1949 - 2022 East Longmeadow Michael J. Manley entered into eternal rest peacefully and surrounded by his loving family on November 9, 2022. Michael Norman Manley ON OM OCC PC (10 December 1924 6 March 1997) was a Jamaican politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Jamaica from 1972 to 1980 and from 1989 to 1992. His middle-grade novel "The Above-Average . A state of emergency was declared by Manley's party the PNP in June and 500 people, including some prominent members of the JLP, were accused of trying to overthrow the government and were detained, without charges, in the South Camp Prison at the Up-Park Camp military headquarters. [37] Michael Manley's final marriage was to Glynne Ewart in 1992. He won a very close election to the Jamaican House of Representatives in 1967. Manleys grandfather, Norman Washington Manley, was the founder of the Peoples National Party, and one of the key figures in the Jamaican struggle for independence. Son of Norman Washington Manley, MM, QC and Edna Manley Michael Manley was married five times, providing Manley with several step . [36], Manley was married five times. . Reviewed in the United States on November 8, 2015. He was responsible for the ideological divide of Jamaican politics when in 1974 he restated the partys policy of Democratic Socialism. Mary's Cemetery (New London) Sl. In the election of 1972, Manley defeated the unpopular incumbent Prime Minister, Hugh Shearer, running on the slogans "Better must come", "Giving power to the people" and leading "a government of truth". There were also many references to places that seemed to be very familiar to this old time New Englander. Started off really good but went into so much computer jargon that it completely lost me! Project Land Lease (introduced in 1973), attempted an integrated rural development approach, providing tens of thousands of small farmers with land, technical advice, inputs such as fertilizers and access to credit. To make things even more complicated, Norman was from the brown side of the family, while Edna was from the white side of the family, thus producing a mixed marriage. THE NATION was in mourning yesterday as Michael Norman Manley, dubbed 'Joshua' by his supporters, died in his 73rd year at his St Andrew home at 11.45 on Thursday night. He remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers. Manley the Jamaica Gleaner that she chose that title for the book about her father because, a slipstream is the strong current left in the wake of two giant propellers my fathers parents were the propellers and he came in their wake; by extension we (his children), are caught in his wake and so I thought the title appropriate. For Manley, writing about her father was cathartic. It was a move that brought not only political education and social equity for many but also political acrimony; and which, by 1980, when the PNP lost to the Jamaica Labour Party, left Jamaica economically deprived and bereft of many talented sons and daughters and their capital. Michael Manley was a charismatic man who served as Jamaica's prime minister between 1972 and 1980, and then again between 1987 and 1992. Edna and Norman were first cousins, and this fact caused much public discussion. He was a loner, he didn't have friends, and there was something in him that you could never own or possess - not his wives, not his children.". After the war, he returned to Jamaica to practice law. In the final volume of her trilogy, Manley, who is intent on coming to terms with her illustrious family, will present another intimate, yet historical, view of Jamaica. On his way to becoming the CEO of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V., Michael Manley held a number of crucial roles in the upper ranks of FCA, and made Jeep sales soar to new heights. "There is still bitterness about what happened in the Seventies, but history should be generous to him. Rachels parents divorced when Manley was two, and she was sent to Jamaica to live with her grandparents, Norman Washington Manley and Edna Manley at Drumblair, the family estate. [18] Project Lend Lease, an agricultural programme designed to provide rural labourers and smallholders with more land through tenancy, was introduced, together with a National Youth Service Programme for high school graduates to teach in schools, vocational training, and the literacy programme, comprehensive rent and price controls, protection for workers against unfair dismissal, subsidies (in 1973) on basic food items,[19] and the automatic recognition of unions in the workplace. Manley developed close friendships with several foreign leaders, foremost of whom were Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, Olof Palme of Sweden, Pierre Trudeau of Canada and Fidel Castro of Cuba. Michael Manley in 1900 United States Federal Census. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [5], When his father was elected premier of Jamaica in 1955, Manley resisted entering politics, not wanting to be seen as capitalizing on his family name. In addition, a limited land reform programme was carried out that leased and sold land to small farmers, and land plots were granted to hundreds of farmers. An athlete and a Rhodes Scholar, Norman was also a World War I hero. His former Deputy Prime Minister, Percival Patterson, assumed both offices. According to the Jamaica Gleaner, Professor Rex Nettleford, who was a guest speaker at a gathering to honor Manleys book, described her writing as straightforward and elegant, never dense or unfathomable; the prose is beautifully poised, deceptively easy on the senses, eye, ear, and sensibility. Michael Manley found in Wisconsin, Wills and Probate Records, 1800-1987 Michael Manley found in New York, Irish Immigrant Arrival Records, 1846-1851 Potential photos and documents Annie Manley Bridget Manley John Baptist Manley John Baptist Manley Public Member Photos & Scanned Documents John Baptist Manley Public Member Photos & Scanned Documents Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. [21] Manley's support for Cuba sending troops to Angola during the Angolan Civil War (where the ruling regime was supported by apartheid South Africa) was criticized by Henry Kissinger and others, and led to a worsening of relations between the US and Jamaica. The State of Emergency continued into the next year. In this regard he started a fashion revolution, often preferring the Kariba suit, a type of formal bush-jacket suit with trousers and worn without a shirt and tie.[7]. Historically, land tenure in Jamaica has been rather inequitable. Manleys grandmother, Edna Swithbank, a well-known sculptor, was also a prominent figure in Jamaicas cultural life. Manley was born in Cornwall, England, on July 3, 1947. A small number of community councils were also created. For Manley, it was not easy to be part of a family that was under so much public scrutiny. The PNP government in 1974 also formed the Jamaica Movement for the Advancement of Literacy (JAMAL), which administered adult education programs with the goal of involving 100,000 adults a year. Michael Manley served two more elected terms of office as President of Jamaica in 1976 and 1989. Connect to 5,000+ Manley profiles on Geni, Mar 8 1997 - Lucas County, Ohio, United States. Today at Jamaica House a book of condolences will be opened and will remain there until tomorrow. Immediately after committing Jamaican troops to Grenada in 1983, Seaga called a snap election two years early on the pretext that Dr. Paul Robertson, General Secretary of the PNP, had called for his resignation. Born in Bryan OH, Mike moved to Lubbock TX, then to Fort Worth with his p . Hon. Michael Manley, in full Michael Norman Manley, (born December 10, 1924, St. Andrew, Jamaicadied March 6, 1997, Kingston), Jamaican politician who served three terms as prime minister of Jamaica (1972-80 and 1989-92) and was a powerful champion of Third World issues.