[327] While both religions will grow but Muslim population will exceed the Christian population and by 2100, Muslim population (35%) will be 1% more than the Christian population (34%). Buddhism is the majority religion in nine countries: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Bhutan, Mongolia, Japan and Singapore. [282] According to Pew Research Center 99% of Hindus lived in the Indo-Pacific region in 2010. [68] The study also suggested that by 2050, the global Christian population will change considerably. [26], The largest net gains for the religiously unaffiliated between 2010 and 2050 are expected in North America (+26 million), Europe (+24 million), Latin America (+6 million), and the Asia-Pacific region (4 million). [317] According to Foreign Policy, high birth rates were cited as the reason for the Muslim population growth. Because of the Holocaust, the number had been reduced to 11 million by the end of 1945. [336] The poll, conducted by the Netherlands-based GAMAAN (Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran), using online polling to provide greater anonymity for respondents, surveyed 50,000 Iranians and found 32% identified as Shia, 5% as Sunni and 3% as Sufi Muslim. Despite the decline, Muslims still have the highest birth rate among the world's major religious groups. [60] The Vatican's 2008 yearbook of statistics revealed that for the first time, Islam has outnumbered the Roman Catholics globally. Christianity is expected to have the largest net loss of followers between 2010 and 2050 in North America (-28 million), Europe (-24 million), Latin America and the Caribbean (-9.5 million), sub-Saharan Africa (-3 million), and Asia-Pacific (2.4 million). [314] On the other hand, according to Pew Research, the number of American converts to Islam is roughly equal to the number of American Muslims who leave Islam and this is unlike other religions in the United States where the number of those who leave these religions is greater than the number of those who convert to it,[195] and most people who leave Islam become unaffiliated, according to same study ex-Muslims were more likely to be Christians compare to ex-Hindus or ex-Jews. According to the data revealed by the Pew Research Centre, about 100,000 Muslims abandon Islam each year and roughly the same number convert to Islam every year. Shortly after al-Qaida terrorists attacked the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, many Muslims, as well as other Arab . [461] According to Johnson and Grim, Buddhism has grown from a total of 138 million adherents in 1910, of which 137million were in Asia, to 495million in 2010, of which 487million are in Asia. "I've confirmed it with. According to Pew Research Center, in the United States, the percentage of people converting to Islam is almost the same as the people leaving Islam ( about 23%). Many Moriscos were suspected of practicing Islam in secret . The curse is said to cause misfortune or harm to the person that it is directed at. [464] Within India, a majority of Sikhs live in the state of Punjab. [78][79] According to scholar Paul Freston of Wilfrid Laurier University Pentecostalism continues to grow in Latin America, "both by conversion and by high birth rates". Instead, they engage in religious acts that assume a vast array of gods and spirits and that also assume the efficacy of these beings in intervening in this world. H. Patrick Glenn, Legal Traditions of the World. Two decades ago, the mere thought of people leaving Islam would have created a sense of anger and betrayal in many Muslims, with many questioning whether individuals had been brainwashed or had become too 'westernised'. [384] In a 2008 conference on religion at Yale University's The MacMillan Center Initiative on Religion, Politics, and Society which hosted a speech from Hugh Kennedy, he stated forced conversions played little part in the history of the spread of the faith. Famed new believers like Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Keith Ellison seem to get all the attentionalong with flamboyant. [359] By 2050 Asia will be home to (52.8%) of the world's Muslims, and about (24.3%) of the world's Muslims will live in Sub Saharan Africa, (20%) the Middle East and North Africa, and 2% in Europe. Islam has also been shaped by those who leave it and this happened early on in the formation of an Islamic community in seventh century Arabia. Clerics are now expressing their concern about people, particularly youngsters, leaving the fold of Islam. [274][275] The Druze faith do not accept converts to their faith, nor practice proselytism. [332], Generally, there are few reports about how many people leave Islam in Muslim majority countries. To many Muslims, it may be the word of God, but in thinking this, they deny the fact that faith is a lived experience and the faith that they follow has been shaped by human lives who have gone before. [88] According to scholar Michael Nai-Chiu Poon of University of Toronto conversion to Christianity is increasing among Chinese Singaporeans. Ari Paltiel, Michel Sepulchre, Irene Kornilenko, Martin Maldonado: sfn error: no target: CITEREFRabbani1987 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFAffolter2005 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFHassal2022 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFPew_Global_Religious_Landscape2012 (, The United States does not measure religion during its censuses. Hinduism is the largest religion in the countries of India, Nepal, and Mauritius. According to Justin Vasse the fertility rate of Muslim immigrants declines with integration. Since the year 2000, the Israeli Druze community has witnessed a significant decrease in fertility-rate and a significant increase in life expectancy. [494] Zoroastrianism declined as forced conversion increased with the rise of Islam. [293], Generally, the term "conversion" is not applicable to Hindu traditions. "[453], A similar pattern has been found in other countries such as Australia, Canada, and Mexico. Before it was banned in certain countries, the religion "hugely increased" in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies in the 21st century suggest that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread,[1][2] Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world. [206] Converting to Christianity is growing among Muslims in the Albanian diaspora,[207][208] Iranian diaspora,[209] and Syrian diaspora,[210] and among Muslim Maghrebis in France,[211] and Kurds and Turks in Germany. [87] In Singapore, the percentage of Christians among Singaporeans increased from 12.7%, in 1990, to 17.5%, in 2010. Muslims that seek to renounce Islam face legal obstacles, societal push-back, and harsh penalties. However John L. Esposito, a scholar on the subject of Islam in The Oxford History of Islam states that the spread of Islam "was often peaceful and sometimes even received favorably by Christians". The number of adherents of the Chinese traditional religion is difficult to count, because of:[45], Chinese rarely use the term "religion" for their popular religious practices, and they also do not utilize a vocabulary that they "believe in" gods or truths. [47] In South Africa, Pentecostalism has grown from 0.2%, in 1951, to 7.6%, in 2001. [38], According to a survey of religion in China in the year 2010, the number of people practicing some form of Chinese folk religion is near to 950 million (70% of the Chinese),[39] of which 173 million (13%) practice some form of Taoist-defined folk faith. Comparing its amount to the obligatory zakah which an ex-dhimmi should give to the Muslim state in case he converts to Islam dismisses the claim that its aim was forced conversions to Islam. 22 August 2019. forced converts from Islam. [353][354][355][356][357], In 2010 Asia was home for (62%) of the world's Muslims, and about (20%) of the world's Muslims lived in the Middle East and North Africa, (16%) in Sub Saharan Africa, and 2% in Europe. [119][120][121][127][128][129][130], Christians of Muslim background communities can be found in Afghanistan,[131][132] Albania,[133][134][135][136][137][138] Algeria,[139][140][141][142][143] Argentina,[144] Australia,[124] Austria,[145][146] Azerbijan,[147][148] Bangladesh,[149][150] Belgium,[124] Bosnia and Herzegovina,[124] Bulgaria,[151] Canada,[124] Denmark,[152][153] Egypt,[124] Ethiopia,[124] Finland,[154][155] France,[124][156] Georgia (Abkhazia),[157] Germany,[158] Greece,[159][160] India (kashmir),[161] Iran,[162][163][164][165][166][167] Iraq,[168] Kazakhstan,[169] Kosovo,[170][171] Kyrgyzstan,[172][173] Lebanon,[174] Malaysia,[175] Morocco,[176][177][178][179][180] the Netherlands,[181][153] Nigeria,[124] Russia,[124] Saudi Arabia,[124] Singapore,[182] Sweden,[183][184] Syria,[185] Tanzania,[124] Tajikistan,[186] Tunisia,[187][188] Turkey,[189][190][191][192] United Kingdom,[193][194] the United States,[195][196] Uzbekistan,[197] and other countries. "The Lost History of Christianity." Jay Diamond, Larry. [118] According to Blainey, this is due to several reasons, including the lack of ties of Evangelical Christianity with colonial powers in contrast to Roman Catholic and Mainline Protestant Churches, as well as the rising of Islamism, which lead some Muslims to look towards other religions such as Christianity through evangelical activity in the visual and audio media, as well as irreligion. [115][116] According to study by Pew Research Center in 2021, around 19% of American those who say they were raised Jewish or who had at least one Jewish parent now identify as Christian. Hinduism's 10-year growth rate is estimated at 20% (based on the period 1991 to 2001), corresponding to a yearly growth close to 2%. [451][452] According to Anne Elizabeth Wynn of The Statesman, "The two most recent American Religious Identification Surveys declare Wicca, one form of paganism, as the fastest growing spiritual identification in America". Druzites or Al-Muwaidn are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group; the number of Druzites worldwide is between 800,000 and one million, with the vast majority residing in the Levant. [46], The Chinese folk religion is a "diffused religion" rather than "institutional". In fact, about half of all converts to Islam (53%) identified as Protestant before converting; another 20% were Catholic. The UN concluded that in the first eight months of 2014, at least 9,347 civilians had been killed and at least 17,386 wounded. Change of Name and Identity strategies, between Culture of Origin and Migration]", "Over 20,000 converted to Christianity since 1990 in Kashmir", "Report: Iran: Christian converts and house churches (1) prevalence and conditions for religious practice Translation provided by the Office of the Commissioner-General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, Belgium", "Iranians Turn Away from the Islamic Republic", "Iran: Christians and Christian converts - Department of Justice", "2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Iran", "Are Iran's Christian converts at greater risk after Soleimani's demise? [329] According to the same study, Muslims population growth is twice of world's overall population growth due to young age and relatively high fertility rate and as a result Muslims are projected to rise to 30% (2050) of the world's population from 23% (2010). Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Muslims are a growing presence in U.S., but still face negative views from the public, Republicans account for a small but steady share of U.S. Muslims, The share of Americans who leave Islam is offset by those who become Muslim, New estimates show U.S. Muslim population continues to grow, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. [406], In 1939, the core Jewish population reached its historical peak of 17 million (0.8% of the global population). 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA [295][296] According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, as of 2007 estimated that the fastest-growing religion of the world to be Islam (1.84%), high birth rates in as the reason for the growths. [458], According to a religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center, the percentage of the world's population that is unaffiliated or nonreligious is expected to drop, from 16% of the world's total population in 2010 to 13% in 2050. The epicentre of these trends will be in immigration gateway cities like New York (a third white), Amsterdam (half Dutch), Los Angeles (28% white), and London, 45% white British. Islam is expected to gain 3.2 million followers, while Buddhists and Jews are expected to lose 2.9 million and 0.3 million adherents, respectively. Arabs are increasingly saying they are no longer religious, according to the largest and most in-depth survey undertaken of the Middle East and North Africa. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. According to him, Muslims will be a significant minority rather than majority in Europe and as per their projections for 2050 in the Western Europe, there will be 1015 per cent Muslim population in high immigration countries such as Germany, France and the UK. [298] According to the same study "globally, Muslims have the highest fertility rate, an average of 3.1 children per woman well above replacement level (2.1)", and "in all major regions where there is a sizable Muslim population, Muslim fertility exceeds non-Muslim fertility". [45] It is a meaning system of social solidarity and identity, ranging from the kinship systems to the community, the state, and the economy, that serves to integrate Chinese culture. It is due to the fall of the fertility rate in many Muslim majority countries. Christianity is expected to lose a net of 66 million adherents mostly to religiously unaffiliated, while religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. [220][221][222] Churches in Europe say that there is an increase in the number of Muslims converting to Christianity among immigrants. [478][479] Sikhs have the lowest fertility rate amongst India's four major religious groups, at 1.6 children per woman in 2019-20. Besides, Christianity has grown enormously in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. [62] Changes in worldwide Protestantism over the last century have been significant. [122] Many people who convert to Christianity face persecution. Since the countries' religious establishments also serve as. [98] According to Pew Research Center the number of Catholics in Africa has increased from one million in 1901 to 329,882,000 in 2010. [239], According to study published by the missionary statistician[240] and professor David B. Barrett of Columbia University,[241][242] and professor of global Christianity, historian George Thomas Kurian,[243] and both are work on World Christian Encyclopedia, approximately 2.7million converting to Christianity annually from another religion, World Christian Encyclopedia also cited that Christianity ranks at first place in net gains through religious conversion. Kalmykia is the only Buddhist majority region in Europe. According to other scholars, many converted for a whole host of reasons, the main statement of which was evangelization by Muslims, though there were several instances where some were pressured to convert owing to internal violence and friction between the Christian and Muslim communities, according to historian Philip Jenkins. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main [351] Eric Kaufman also argue that the main reason why Islam is expanding along with other religions, is not because of conversion to Islam, but primarily to the nature of the religion, as he calls it "pro-natal", where Muslims tend to have more children. [281] Hindus made up about 15% of the world's population in 2010. Islam is projected to have a net gain of followers in Sub-Saharan Africa (+2.9 million) and Asia-Pacific (+0.95 million), but net loss of followers in North America (-0.58 million) and Europe (-0.06 million). More people are killed by Islamists each year than in all 350 years of the Spanish Inquisition combined. [285][286] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 109 million babies were born to Hindu mothers and roughly 42 million Hindus died, meaning that the natural increase in the Hindus population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 67 million over this period". [360] In Asia Pacific region, Muslims will surpass the Hindus by the time. [43], According to scholars Miikka Ruokanen and Paulos Huang of University of Helsinki, the rebirth of traditional religion in China is faster and larger than the spread of other religions in the country, such as Buddhism and Christianity:[44]. Democratic Republic of Congo: Muslim fighters from the Allied Democratic Forces, which earlier pledged allegiance to the Islamic State (ISIS), murdered at least 17 people, possibly many more, in the Christian-majority (95%) African nation. [462] The religion began in the region of Punjab in eastern Pakistan and Northwest India. [388], According to the Pew Research Center published on 2010, religious conversion may have little impact on the Jewish population between 2010 and 2050; Jews are expected to lose 0.3 million adherents, between 2010 and 2050. Sociologist Phil Zuckerman's global studies on atheism have indicated that global atheism may be in decline due to irreligious countries having the lowest birth rates in the world and religious countries having higher birth rates in general. [19][20][21][22][23], Statistical data on conversion to and from Islam are scarce. [26], According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 32 million babies were born to Buddhist mothers and roughly 20 million Buddhists died, meaning that the natural increase in the Buddhists population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 12 million over this period". [330], While the total Fertility Rate of Muslims in North America is 2.7 children per woman in the 2010 to 2015 period, well above the regional average (2.0) and the replacement level (2.1). [266] By 2012 percentage of Christians on mentioned communities was 71%, more than 30% and 37%,[267] respectively. [486][479] By 2050, according to Pew research center based on growth rate of current Sikh population between (2001-2011), India will have 27,129,086 Sikhs by half-century which will be more than that of any country including the Western world. [352] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [104][105][106] In Brazil, the total number of Protestants jumped from 16.2% in 2000[107] to 22.2% in 2010 (for the first time, the percentage of Catholics in Brazil is less than 70%). [483][466][484][485], Johnson and Barrett (2004) estimate that the global Sikh population increases annually by 392,633 (1.7% per year, based on 2004 figures); this percentage includes births, deaths, and conversions. [52], Europe was the home for the world's largest Christian population for the past 1,000 years, since 2015 Christians in Africa and Latin America respectively surpass Europe Christian population because of the high fertility rate there. Islam began in Arabia and from 633 AD until the late 10th century it was spread through conquests, far-reaching trade and missionary activity. "A missiological postscript", in McLeod and Ustorf (eds). [82] According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, around 9% of Latin Americans were raised as Protestant, but nearly 19% now identify themselves as Protestants. [280] The Lebanese Druze have the lowest fertility among all age groups after the Lebanese Christians. Indeed, while aboutone-in-fiveAmerican Muslim adults were raised in a different faith tradition and converted to Islam, a similar share of Americans who were raised Muslim nowno longer identify with the faith. Toleransi yang mengundang murka Allah Of those converting, only 22 percent are becoming Christian adherents. The clash of internal currents is wearing the movement down a year and a half after it regained power in Afghanistan. Changement de prnom et stratgies identitaires, entre culture d'origine et migration [Shklzen or Giannis? [229], According to the Pew Research Center, Christianity is declining in the United States while non-Christian faiths are growing. [309] Studies estimated about 30,000 converting to Islam annually in the United States. January 26, 2018 The share of Americans who leave Islam is offset by those who become Muslim By Besheer Mohamed and Elizabeth Podrebarac Sciupac Like Americans in many other religious groups, a substantial share of adults who were raised Muslim no longer identify as members of the faith. Uwe Siemon-Netto confirmed in 2016 that "a global phenomenon is underway: Muslims are converting to various Christian denominations in droves in every part of the world." Indeed, Christian. By 2040, Muslims will replace Jews as the nations second-largest religious group after Christians. "The majority of ex-Muslims I interviewed said they were profoundly lonely and isolated, and they related. [117], According to the historian Geoffrey Blainey from the University of Melbourne, since the 1960s there has been a substantial increase in the number of conversions from Islam to Christianity, mostly to the Evangelical and Pentecostal forms. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. [1] According to them, there was a fast annual growth of Buddhism in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and several Western European countries (19102010). [227] Large increases in the developing world (around 23,000 per day) have been accompanied by substantial declines in the developed world, mainly in Western Europe and North America. [423][421][424] Most of the growth in the late 20th century was seeded out of North America by means of the planned migration of individuals. [454] In Australia, census data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics give "no religion" the largest gains in absolute numbers over the 15 years from 1991 to 2006, from 2,948,888 (18.2% of the population that answered the question) to 3,706,555 (21.0% of the population that answered the question). [24] According to a study published in 2011 by Pew Research, what little information is available may suggests that religious conversion has no net impact on the Muslim population, as the number of people who convert to Islam is roughly similar to those who leave Islam. [47] From 2015 to 2016, Africa saw an increase of more than 6,265,000 Catholics. [95][96][97], In 1900, there were only 8.7million[47] adherents of Christianity in Africa, while in 2010 there were 390 million. [26], The American Religious Identification Survey gave nonreligious groups the largest gain in terms of absolute numbers: 14.3 million (8.4% of the population) to 29.4 million (14.1% of the population) for the period 19902001 in the U.S.[451][452] A 2012 study by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life reports, "The number of Americans who do not identify with any religion continues to grow at a rapid pace. Naresh Mitra / TNN / Jan 11, 2016, 03:10 IST. However, religiously unaffiliated is expected to grow slightly due to a decrease in the fertility rate among the religiously unaffiliated population. [26] The growth of Islam from 2010 to 2020 has been estimated at 1.70%[3] due to high birthrates in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. [498] Recent estimates place the current number of Zoroastrians at around 110,000120,000,[499] at most with the majority living in India, Iran, and North America; their number has been thought to be declining. It is the same mental and emotional struggle Cottee observed when researching his book. ", most of them are women and African-Americans. Additionally, in some countries, legal and social consequences make conversion difficult. On the other hand, the secular West and East Asia have very low fertility and rapidly aging populations. [41][42], This growth reverses the rapid decline that Chinese traditional religion faced in the 20th century. [338], By 2010 an estimated 44 million Muslims were living in Europe (6%), up from 4.1% in 1990. [391], Orthodox and Conservative Judaism discourage proselytism to non-Jews,[392] but many Jewish groups have tried to reach out to the assimilated Jewish communities of the Diaspora in order for them to reconnect to their Jewish roots. But coming up with an answer is not easy, in part because the U.S. Census Bureau does not ask questions about religion, meaning there is no official government count of the U.S. Muslim population. [504] One-fifth of the decrease in population is attributed to migration. [26] The study also reveals that, due to young age & relatively high fertility rate among Muslims by 2050 there will be near parity between Muslims (2.8billion, or 30% of the population) and Christians (2.9billion, or 31%), possibly for the first time in history. However, this does not gives us a direct comparison of suicide between countries - this share will also be influenced by the magnitude of other causes of death. Look at who is 'going forth and multiplying', FAQ from Adherents.com describing why it is difficult to measure the fastest-growing religion, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Growth_of_religion&oldid=1141030901, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 00:39.