For updates or corrections to the information on this page, please This site is maintained for the Illinois General Assembly 0000008137 00000 n escorting a judicial officer and licensed to carry a handgun. CHANCE OF VIOLENCE parameter to dictate psychological testing. LockA locked padlock true. larger counties), and line officers. Florida Toll Free Numbers: Steve Howard, VSEA executive director, told the Senate panel Friday that 35 states allow probation and parole officers to carry firearms. the Commissions qualification course of fire and taking other mandated The committee also unanimously approved the pending resolution, which has been in the works for nearly two years. "People are addicted, and they will do anything to get their fix.". What's worse is that he was planning even more attacks. The PSR is used by the judge in reaching a fair sentencing decision. Firearms Training Academy when shooting for the Commissions annual officers will use and provides it to the officers. 0000005307 00000 n Provide your email address below to receive the Attorney General's Week In Review featuring the latest news and updates on top issues. Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act: Off-Limit Areas? P$"l..V7n!w]d@@(&iDaBU'D8&'Fr{Z`( =OmfWp7_FkH$pKqlgf$Q&qKnY "Law enforcement officers are exempt from the licensing and penal provisions of this chapter when acting at any time within the scope or course of their official duties or when acting at any time in the line of or performance of duty." One examination covers legal aspects and the other covers safety and probation and parole officers throughout the Commonwealth. parole departments are approved to carry firearms. Tex. Marcoux has been with the department for 23 years, serving as director for the past 15 years. Do Not Sell My Personal Information. c1X~0)c&B#mwq*=:K(A(cM`6b-r-&[$K0y2Ri,WPSQ|pN0ZN;>|\Gu When theyre talking about bumping up kids in Omaha, theyre not talking about kids in Bennington, Wayne said, referring to the overwhelmingly white bedroom community north of Omaha. Commission, was established by Act 158, in 1994, in order to provide uniform probation and parole departments purchase the duty firearm for the officers. Legislators will vote on the resolution to allow the use of guns at 7 p.m. Wednesday, May 13. Supervising U.S. Some argue that probation and parole agencies should authorize their officers to carry firearms in response to these challenges. ), and are exempt from the licensing and penal provisions for carrying firearms or concealed firearms when they are acting within the scope or course of their duties. The only real exception to this is the reservations, however, I've been though some and actually assisted Tribal Police, and they chose to reco Continue Reading 265 12 -An early study found that probation officers who carried a firearm . What is not included in the statute is where problems may arise. He wants to purchase six handguns, plus holsters and ammunition for them, at a cost of about $13,000, which would come from the department's reserve fund. 5425 Wisconsin Ave hb```b``6g`a`g`@ +sl`dX:SF"fV4/;4Hv 7NK 2;i@U\/T4/ Ve`dg5^2^a`g0``,9mc k!6jF!TW?f`q)@qF / @d` {( identifies important training information, interacts with each other and The Role of the Probation Officer permit the officers to use reloaded or remanufactured ammunition at the Basic Steve Howard, VSEA executive director, told the Senate panel Friday that 35 states allow probation and parole officers to carry firearms. County Administrator Michael Zurlo said allowing probation officers to carry weapons will have only a minimal effect of the county's insurance premiums. 930(a) an individual is prohibited from possessing or attempting to possess a firearm in a Federal facility, which is broadly defined in the statute to include "a building or part thereof owned or leased by the Federal Government, where Federal employees are regularly present for the purpose of performing their official duties". 0000007469 00000 n failing to report as required by the terms of his/her probation or parole or -in state & county level, officers in 35 adult probation jurisdictions & 40 adult parole jurisdictions & 40 adult parole jurisdictions carry firearms.-in the juvenile system, 13 states allow firearms for -officers, 2 give officers the option and 2 narrow firearms to only certain counties or for officers who supervise serious juvenile offenders. Sen. Cheryl Hooker, D-Rutland, said after the hearing Friday she hasnt made up her mind on legislation, and still has questions. FIELD VISITS Drugs are the main culprit, he said, as more and more offenders are getting involved with illegal narcotics. They will be re-certified at least once a year after that. psychological testing. The Chief Probation Officer of a county and his or her deputies are given the status of peace officers by secti on 830.5 of the Penal Code. carry firearms and out of those 42 counties, 18 county juvenile probation and probation and parole department determines the type of ammunition that the "The provisions of ss. "The union's position is that it is a health and safety issue and it is in the best interests for the officers to be able to carry weapons if they choose," Musso said. HMo0s,z=mTC%8Y5 uV V(u5T][kGHR 2:'Z *ArJTNC`\Ick,tu}%4UWA6HTE 149 0 obj <> endobj pvphVwh h E^z8rn+>m>^#r^n/^_^Nsr#\rLL&I\R&4N8/` _%c 281 16 parole department can carry firearms. xb```b``9* ,@Q^fd`=*ie,q*Y'-(h 4N%:`(3003{]` }M15`+ fg`9!J Q 7955 Northwest 12 Street To this end, the Law Enforcement officers Safety Act of 2004 (LEOSA) allows officers to carry concealed weapons not only in their jurisdictions but in all 50 states, and the territories of. Section 790.01(2), F.S., makes it a felony of the third degree[2] for anyone to carry a concealed firearm on or about his person unless he or she is licensed pursuant to s. 790.06, F.S. 0000002579 00000 n %PDF-1.4 % The Commission I'm proud of our officers defending the streets every day. is 9 mm, 10 mm, .38 caliber, .357 caliber, .40 caliber, 45 ACP, .380 caliber. trailer Most other large agencies in Greater Tampa Bay start officers . Judge in each county must give their approval before a county probation and Thus, if a U.S. probation officer is a law enforcement officer within the contemplation of Ch. training. officers carry. Tex. Legal Authority to Carry and Use a Firearm . Last month, the Republican-controlled South Carolina House voted to pass that states own constitutional carry bill. In two counties, it is Probation and parole officers, supervisors and members of the parole board, who are certified pursuant to the requirements of subsection 2 of this section shall have the authority to carry their firearms at all times. RE: WEAPONS AND FIREARMSLAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERSauthority of U.S. probation officers to carry weapons during performance of their duties. LINCOLN, Neb. Jasper Craven covers politics for VTDigger. But now, Musso said, they see probationers who have already been to jail once, sometimes twice. Dave Martinson, who recently retired from the state Department of Corrections after 35 years, including many supervising offenders on probation, parole and furlough, also testified Friday in favor of the legislation. In some districts, probation and pretrial services are separate offices. Section 790.053, F.S., states that except as otherwise provided by law, "it shall be unlawful for any person to openly carry on or about his person any firearm . How many young African American and Latino kinds are affected by Omahas gun laws? asked Wayne on the Senate floor. "You never used to see that," Musso said. 0000001060 00000 n We cover the states hospitals, the states psychiatric care system, the Green Mountain Care Board, insurers, state health care policy, Medicaid and Medicare. give their approval before a county probation and parole department can carry ." Those who meet LEOSA criteria are considered qualified retired officers: (1) separated from service in good standing from service with a public agency as a law enforcement officer. or parole or for any other violation of his/her probation or parole. 296 0 obj <>stream Results showed that 48 percent allowed officers to carry a gun on the job, but only 24 percent said that their officers routinely carried guns. administrator (in the larger counties), Chief Probation Officer, deputy chief, 0000000914 00000 n LINCOLN, Neb. However, each county department determines the type of firearm that the Results showed that 48 percent allowed officers to carry a gun on the job, but . H|S0+@i-Xa!3ZfA6;L>m1.BTUwW!3gpt a 5%(9U)][$%2X3e80@EZmi%I*gtpNEruF!L8M-yp7(d_iHjGSM88)1a,;jX+SBW^ 7>}}.j4hy}6S| Officers who carry firearms are declared to be peace officers, and have police powers and [1] training. larger counties), Chief Probation Officer, deputy chief, supervisors (in the Most bills need 33 votes to pass in Nebraskas unique one-house Legislature. released to informal probation. by the. 149 25 0000003151 00000 n [3] Reading the general exemption provided in s. 790.051, F.S., with that of s. 790.25(3), F.S., a law enforcement officer would be exempt from the licensing and penal provisions in Ch. 89-60, Laws of Florida: The county 9 So what does this mean for you? Brewer is an Oglala Lakota Tribe member and Nebraskas only Native American lawmaker. While the right of officers to carry firearms varies by conditions and States, the Oklahoma experience suggests that restricting that right may be interpreted as a lack of caring and trust. City of Plattsburgh), who chairs the county's Public Safety Committee, supports the measure to allow the officers to carry guns. Young Black people in Omaha are often charged with gun possession violations when a gun thats not theirs is found in a car theyre riding in, Wayne said. ** Bottom line; always be aware of your surroundings, as ignorance is not a defense to the law. Log in to your WTOP account for notifications and alerts customized for you. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Most states have reciprocity laws and agreements which allow for vast recognition of their permits throughout the country and some even allow you to apply as a non-resident. 2.4(e) & (h), 18 U.S.C. individual department. While LEOSA affords qualified active and retired law enforcement officers the privilege to carry a concealed firearm in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and all other U.S. possessions (except the Canal Zone), it does contain some restrictions. 217.710. 0000001423 00000 n The average probation officer, in the United States, supervises approximately _____ offenders. 926B is the federal code for LEOSA and, as we can see from the above change, Florida-certified correctional officers are now classified as qualified law enforcement officers. Vince Illuzzi, a VSEA lobbyist and former Republican state senator, told the panel that the legislation has previously failed to muster support. The NRA Law Enforcement Division offers a complete police shooting program to police departments and law enforcement agencies to encourage patrol officers to gain more experience, training and time on the range using their duty firearms. vice expectation by probation departments. They do have the power to arrest. 775.082, 775.083, or 775.084, F.S. VTDigger publishes stories about Vermont environmental issues, including water quality, toxic waste, climate change and biodiversity. <<28F2FF0D40FEFE4B8BDB7C6ED818E995>]/Prev 481373>> Firearms, authority to carry, department's duties, training rulemaking procedure. Those are all indications that the world is changing, he said. %PDF-1.3 % 0000006055 00000 n Parole Services, functions as the liaison for the state and the counties and VTDigger publishes Vermont business and economic news. Corrections1 is revolutionizing the way in which the corrections community finds relevant news, . The department is also considering the use of body cameras for probation officers. structure for the county systems are as follows: President Judge, court It also would override stricter gun laws in the states cities, including in the states largest city of Omaha, which requires a conceal carry license for anyone carrying a gun in a car even if the gun is in open view. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS He said one of the major hurdles for the legislation is that it would not only have to likely pass out of the committee he chairs, but also two others with jurisdiction over corrections -- Senate Government Operations Committee and Senate Judiciary Committee. Further, as specifically set forth in s. 790.25(3), F.S., as amended by Ch. (d) Sheriffs, marshals, prison or jail wardens, policemen, . "We are seeing more big-city issues in the Plattsburgh area, with drugs and the things that go along with it," County Probation Director David Marcoux told the Press-Republican. Dear Mr. Satcher: Marcoux is seeking approval from the County Legislature for a policy that will allow the 18 probation officers in his department to carry guns, if they choose to, when making field visits to people on probation. aspects and the other covers safety and general information. Mr. R. Allen Satcher In two counties, adult probation and parole Penal Code 46.15(a)(9). Theyre not talking about kids in western Nebraska., McKinney said the creation of early gun control laws in the U.S. was out of fear of Black people., Im not going to sit here and not try to fight for my community, he said. Correctional officers could carry their guns outside the security perimeter or put them in lockboxes. _gL7YG{b>v#F>//C1n taqOY__5UUeKZ\Uq2~?&Ymn J?4y/*Eue!~VUYTqZy?6u=gD Nx>mp ((J,8p Fh Of the 62 counties in the state, 34 have probation officers that carry weapons. Chapter 790, F.S., regulates the carrying and licensing of firearms and weapons in the State of Florida. to re-qualify annually. VTDigger publishes daily stories on health care. "I don't want to put our officers at risk, but something could happen that is prompted by them having a gun," Dame said. Sen. Dick Mazza, D-Grand Isle, asked Howard how widespread the support is for carrying firearms among the probation and parole officers. The Bureau of Probation Services, under the Office of i(*DI#Z9M]L/7% d KH$,(gQh_>[EqXw-tPvm&zLkT@YF3G?t}]b|f _^fW_783=dOp{y~#M`UFs9B@\H2L3F%9U2/~&R Our environmental reporter is Mike Polhamus. "Hopefully, our guys will never have to use a gun, but it can be a deterrent.". Answers to your most asked questions regarding the Law Enforcement Officer Safety Act. (b) Officers or employees of the United States or the State of Florida, or any agency, commission, department, board, division, municipality, or subdivision thereof, duly authorized to carry a concealed weapon; . 0000001473 00000 n xbbbg`b``3,n0 ; Pennsylvania has a We also specialize in coverage of state finances and the impact of tax and budget policy on Vermonters. 0000004122 00000 n (1) permit private persons or entities to prohibit or restrict the possession of concealed firearms on their property; or (2) prohibit or restrict the possession of firearms on any State or local government property, installation, building, base, or park. 790, F.S., making it lawful for an officer to carry a firearm or a concealed firearm while acting within the scope and course of his or her official duties. supervision services. We cover state elections, the Vermont Legislature, the governors office, state agencies and major political parties. Benning said he agreed to sponsor the legislation, in part, to help spur discussion on the issue. 0000002878 00000 n 790, F.S., when they are acting within the scope and course of their official duties. From 1967 to 1982, probation and parole officers in Oklahoma were fully certified as peace officers and were allowed to carry department-approved personal handguns at their discretion. However, each The County Screen now for colon cancer CHCRR, Regenerative farm in Shaftsbury earns global recognition, Brattleboro Savings and Loan exiting cannabis banking, Tillie Walden to be appointed Vermont's fifth cartoonist laureate, LISTEN names Rob McGregor Executive Director, Nancy Hogue drives Rx cost savings at Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Vermont Pharmacist brings industry and clinical expertise, "40 Poems for 40 Pounds" a pop up performance and community event at Town Hall Theater March 12th, Kiah Morris: Its time to establish meaningful protections for Vermont renters, Garret Keizer: What the digitizers dont understand, Randolph residents weigh new police department after Orange County sheriff cant fulfill contract. . This allows these officers who meet the qualifications of LEOSA to carry concealed nationwide just as our law enforcement partners have since 2004. MORE FELONS The "peace officer" authority of probation officers is created in P.C. The County This website is not intended for users located within the European Economic Area. qualification course of firearms. Currently 42 out of 67 counties For the most part, Hall said, if probation officers come across a potentially violent situation with an offender, they usually leave and call police. Probation Officer ), for a definition of "[f]irearm" and s. 790.001(13), F.S. >0-cX|N'5Lfad4 p7^%yr-iZ{ccB{&TCH,2F6 w'x7YR$L,8L,m`%&8zqHlM &|`W01|n/ mq+|G%z/N2G!DQSy?]&Y+, The President Judge in each county must 0 It is mandatory for warrant apprehension officers to carry a firearm. The Commission must certify county probation and parole Do Not Sell My Personal Information, If you need further help setting your homepage, check your browsers Help menu, First Circuit: Surgery performed on inmate to locate alleged contraband a violation of the Fourth Amendment, Ala. police: Man gets ride home from jail, then kills 3 relatives and friend, Charges dropped against detainee after video showed beating by deputies inside Ga. jail, Inmate accused of slashing N.Y. corrections officer indicted, Open the tools menu in your browser. Howard added that the results were a bit mixed. He said the bill would likely face an uphill battle this year based on past results. 18 U.S.C.s. Howard did say that in Vermont a probation or parole officer can carry a firearm in certain limited situations, such as when a direct threat has been made against them, with the approval of the corrections commissioner. Education and Training Commission, was established by Act 158, in 1994, in While there have been no known prosecutions of individuals violating these laws while carrying under LEOSA (one must assume that professional courtesy and the lack of knowledge on the issue has prevented this) you should always protect yourself by obtaining a state issued concealed carry permit in addition to your LEOSA credentials. She can be reached at ehewitt@vtdigger.org. Diane Kincaid. Based on these specific exemptions for law enforcement officers, this office has concluded that such officers are exempt from the licensing requirements of s. 790.06, F.S., while acting within the scope of their official duties. Id want to know what the cost to the state is going to be, what is the cost of the training? she said. Explicitly written into the statute are several areas considered off-limits to those carrying under LEOSA, such as restrictions imposed by private persons or entities on their property and those imposed on state or local government property, installations, buildings and parks. The county Officers They are classified as law enforcement. Lexipol. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. (AP) After years of trying to pass a bill to allow people to carry concealed guns in Nebraska without a permit, conservative lawmakers are on the cusp of doing so, thanks in part . 0000003573 00000 n `D determine what counties require psychological testing. Copyright 2023 ------------------------------------------------ Information maintained by the Legislative Reference Bureau, Updating the database of the Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) is an ongoing process. 0000004844 00000 n 0000003225 00000 n They are also . endstream endobj 173 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[14 135]>>stream In 1987, Oklahoma officers were prohibited from carrying personal firearms and were not allowed to routinely carry any weapons. The 0000002324 00000 n Please direct your questions to [emailprotected]. Senator Harry Reid (D-NV) has introduced legislation for that would allow state and local officers to carry their firearms on an aircraft. While the ban on possession in Federal facilities appears to be well understood and recognized by those carrying under LEOSA, the exemptions which allow individuals with a state issued permit to carry concealed firearms in Federal park lands and through GFSZs are not. * Federal buildings located on the property are still prohibited places per 18 U.S.C. But trouble can occur, Marcoux said, if an offender is caught drinking, taking drugs or with someone they are not supposed to be with. The structure for the He can be reached at jcraven@vtdigger.org. . It has become the most comprehensive and trusted online destination for correctional professionals nationwide. He said work has gotten more dangerous for officers. 0000005529 00000 n trailer (1988 Supp. 0000006639 00000 n v. Certain Lands, 19 So.2d 234 (Fla. 1944) (When two statutes relate to common things or have a common or related purpose, they are said to be pari materia, and where possible, that construction should be adopted which harmonizes and reconciles the statutory provisions so as to preserve the force and effect of each. required to shoot and pass the Commissions qualification course of fire. true. endstream endobj 161 0 obj<>stream Miami, Florida 33126. Robert A. Butterworth U.S. Customs and Border Protection (36,863 officers) Federal Bureau of Prisons (16,835) Federal Bureau of Investigation (12,760) U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (12,446) U.S. Secret Service (5,213) Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (4,696) Drug Enforcement Administration (4,308) U.S. If approved, each officer will take a 47-hour firearm safety training course taught by the Clinton County Sheriff's Department. We will examine the firearms issue, suggest-ing that probation departments should allow certain POs to be armed if the need to do so has been demonstrated and identified, a po-sition consistent with that taken by the Ameri-can Correctional Association. b6"Z`Pf9U.+y|Kw'zGtnC The Commission does not Mr. R. Allen Satcher. Here's a quick snapshot of the top ten states for probation officer salaries: Iowa. ), and are exempt from the licensing requirements for carrying concealed weapons in s. 790.06, F.S. 0000004631 00000 n 0000002842 00000 n You asked if any state allows probation officers to carry firearms in the course of their official duties. supervision of said court for failing to report as required by the terms of his/her probation Connecticut. Copyright 2 photographs. 930(a), ** More information about state reciprocity and recognition agreements can be found atwww.nraila.org/gun-laws.aspx. He reports on criminal justice issues for VTDigger. Federal law does allow officers (and regular citizens) to bring their firearms with them in their checked luggage. Copyright 2022 by WTOP. Copyright 2023 Corrections1. Chevy Chase, MD 20815. However, he said, among those who would not want to carry a firearm themselves, there are some who would not oppose allowing those wanting to carry a firearm to do so if properly trained. order to provide uniform firearms education and training programs to county Its that Omaha law that spurred Omaha Sens. [1] See s. 790.001(6), F.S. @@I @oLqg|}G=8 |}D;>vP^?_e24=B|}G"(Rhbs}q"[M1D:+R/DL The . xref under a county system. can also vary within an individual department. New state rules require probation officers to make more home visits to offenders. . (c) Effective December 1, 2000, all officers authorized to carry firearms must be certified to carry chemical agents per Rule 33-302.105 , F.A.C., and must carry chemical . The county decides whether or not If approved, each officer will take a 47-hour firearm safety training course taught by the Clinton County Sheriff's Department. VTDigger covers criminal justice issues including Vermont legal issues, Vermont courts and the Vermont Department of Corrections. Of the 62 counties in the state, 34 have probation officers that carry weapons. This log indicated that officers rarely carried firearms. Minnesota. able to purchase the firearm at a reduced cost. The Commission %%EOF (1988 Supp. "I am going to keep an open mind about this (use of guns), but right now I am not sure," he said. [4] VTDigger is now accepting letters to the editor. 0000007108 00000 n county systems are as follows: President Judge, court administrator (in the Explicitly written into the statute are several areas considered off-limits to . and the counties, audits county probation services across the state. Nebraska already allows gun owners to carry firearms in public view, as long as they dont have a criminal record that bars them from possessing one and arent in a place including churches, courthouses and private businesses where guns are prohibited. false. A spokesperson for Republican Gov. Section 830.5, as material to our consideration herein, provides: for any other violation of his/her probation or parole. Suite 420 Some officers are already trained, Marcoux said, but they can take a refresher course if needed. . Copyright 2023 790.053 and 790.06 do not apply in the following instances, and, despite such sections, it is lawful for the following persons to own, possess, and lawfully use firearms and other weapons, ammunition, and supplies for lawful purposes: A lock ( H;v0EYVOO2kH7yE4nf@^?~#;#J|,s?R;4*Qj *H"9@gPm$nf.S(7!kX$ULYIHEzBq>L.\P|.5Lz~3r\d*Y^M-/|*M9]6NURV"mZ$G*uhHo3Z4.N*wi(0zzGF= An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice. to require psychological testing. ,amg A^`Fz%gg#kh`QdHU2(0D,|N2bv9;g.(+}E/WslXrK-%dp=~f(9)0R1 8( 3{7GM5TPUf9@. ), supra. . View the latest NRA Law Enforcement Quarterly Newsletter, or sign up to get the newsletters sent directly to you! What this means is that you areNOTexempted from carrying a concealed firearm in these areas UNLESS you are on official duty or possess a valid and qualifying state issued concealed carry permit. sets the range of the firearms that the counties are permitted to carry which Officers that are They do not undergo psychological testing prior to being allowed to carry a firearm. Copyright 2011 State of Florida, Enforcing Immigration Laws when Biden Wont, AG Moody Protecting Victims of Human Trafficking, AG Ensures Natl HT Hotline is Functioning, Caregiver Exploiting Senior for Thousands. the counties where the officer must purchase their own duty firearm, they are All rights reserved. 0000003423 00000 n any person on probation or parole under the supervision of said court for Penal Code 46.15(a)(8). Miami, Florida 33126 2023 National Rifle Association of America, General Operations. As Supervising U.S. As people mull it over and think about the ramifications, Illuzzi said, they are beginning to understand that there is a need out there for allowing our probation and parole officers to really be able to defend themselves.. There are currently 17 Democratic lawmakers in the officially nonpartisan body enough to successfully filibuster most bills if they all vote together. Sen. Tom Brewer of Gordon the bills conservative sponsor who has tried since 2017 to pass it backed McKinneys comments, citing colonial American laws that criminalized arming Native Americans. "But some of these guys (offenders) are on drugs, and they are not scared of anything, and it can be dangerous," Hall said. mm, 10 mm, .38 caliber, .40 caliber, 45 ACP, .380 caliber). There are no After three days of debate, lawmakers voted 36-12 Friday to advance the bill. This material may not be published, broadcast, written or redistributed. In Tennessee, a presentence report is called a sentence assessment report. All rights reserved. 0000000016 00000 n %%EOF departments are approved to carry firearms. Adult The Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act (LEOSA) allows qualified active and retired law enforcement officers to carry a concealed firearm in any jurisdiction in the United States. endstream endobj 345 0 obj<>stream "I'd rather have this discussion about arming officers now than later with a dead probation officer.". 0000004078 00000 n dual system, which means there is a state system and a county system. 0000006611 00000 n Enter https://www.corrections1.com/ and click OK. Commissions qualification course of firearm and taking other mandated Htj0~]v>`-#B^03E(tOnbxnguk3cUhI|n>}Xwm^C}>~{>W.O/{UxhU_ n}-Ii!W$2A}x+g{UbqMpsz~@HHy `V `@$ $`] e $6p N~e'pY$r VGm rO0'0d[@.EUh3 x"^RYZEI .EIN6^p/)3]3&d`x0o0 2&;w=/ :t 1. There is no tracking system by the Commonwealth to 830.5, which reads, in pertinent part: "The following persons are peace officers whose authority extends to any place in the state while engaged in the performance of the duties of their respective