No use even trying to count them. They defend their interpretations by emphasizing that their films are not documentaries but vivid adaptations of complex stories that retain the essence if not the literal truth of important events that would otherwise be unknown to the huge audiences that movies attract. The headlines are in bold: Pop stars come and pop stars go, but amid all this change there is one eternal truth: Love's gonna bust me out. "If I find a heaven after this life, I'll be quite surprised," he wrote. But when Bello took the stand at the second trial, he gave the reason he had recanted: He had been promised $27,000 by Carter's defense team. The prison doctor diagnosed a detached retina, which Carter put down to an old boxing injury. He was once seen by a preacher stealing clothes. Yeah that what I was thinking..Wonder why he decided to shoot up a bar tho. Though near the top of his high school class in Brooklyn, Martin's new "family" - led by Lisa Peters, Terry Swinton and . La satisfaction totale de nos clients est notre priorit. No jury. A black uniform, slowly turning red. Vous tes ici : alvotech board of directors; rogersville, tennessee obituaries; did rubin carter married lisa peters . . Former pro boxer Rubin Carter died at the age of 76. But he found purpose working with the wrongfully convicted. 'Hurricane' slurs the name of an honest man. I just cant say anything, she said. We'd just use the guns like we had a license to carry them.". He had told me for a year that this man could clear him. He finally was granted a third trial on a technicality, but no judge ever said or implied that he was framed or that he did not commit the murders. On fight night, Griffith punched Paret's head so many times he was carried straight from the ring to hospital and died 10 days later. 2021-05-21; Khng c phn hi; did rubin carter married lisa peters . The bar closed around 2:30 a.m., roughly the same time three people were gunned down in another bar just a few blocks away. He was the fourth of seven children, but became estranged from all of his family during his wrongful stint in prison. In 1963 he married Mae Thelma Basket. Carter went back to jail. ''You know how a snake is crawling on the ground and suddenly half of his body is up in the air and his tongue is sticking out, wiggling, wiggling, wiggling, and his eyes are closed almost shut? An intriguing look, a nonconformist lifestyle, a charismatic message. After Stone's column ran, the beating became a national story. ''For the state to contend that an accused has the motive to commit murder solely because of his membership in a racial group is an argument which should never be permitted to sway a jury or provide the basis of a conviction," Sarokin wrote. and doesn't talk to "the Canadians" anymore, even though he was married for a time to Peters. He started out as a street cop in Paterson and worked his way up to become the chief detective in the county. "I gotta get John outta here too. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. He is perhaps best known for helping to bring about the release of former boxer Rubin The Hurricane Carter. His prison record shows that he severely beat a "slight and severely retarded inmate" named Wallace six years before the Kelley beating. The next thing he knows, he's at the hospital, being walked through the hubbub towards a bed. He and Carter were later exonerated. He is characterized as a nearly model citizen who overcame persecution as a juvenile and remade himself as a boxer and civil rights advocate. Rubin "Hurricane" Carter has lived a life of novelistic proportions. No-one would rule on guilt or innocence. After the birth of their second son, Mae Thelma divorced him on the grounds of infidelity. Whatever its intentions, ''The Hurricane'' falls into the category of history contorted for dramatic effect. We used to shoot at folks" - and bragged that he had once stabbed a man "everywhere but the bottom of his feet". The evil detective even goes so far as to threaten the lives of the Canadian commune members who worked on Carter's defense in 1983. Rubin "Hurricane" Carter was 27-12-1 with 19 knockouts before being wrongfully convicted for murder in 1967 and again in 1976 before being freed in 1985. Midway through the trial, the front page of the local paper displayed a photograph of Carolyn Kelley. The room was packed, his supporters watching. Artis and Carter are whisked to the police station, where Detective Vincent de Simone, a man who Artis thinks resembles a bulldog after taking a wartime blast to the face, interviews them. "I was a dancer. Carter and Lisa Peters eventually married, and later divorced. While Mr. Carter's affection for Mr. Martin is the keystone of the movie, viewers have little sense of the son and a daughter with whom he has had a distant relationship even out of prison. Thirteen times they failed. Instead, Carter is portrayed as a clean-living, law-abiding guy. She collapsed when she got off the plane and had to be given oxygen by flight attendants. tingnedsupp @tingnedsupp457. Snyder's Memorial Gardens offers affordable funeral and cremation services in the Johnson City, Kingsport, Gray, Bristol, Jonesborough . But he soon ended all relations with her and other commune members, asserting in his biography that they patronized him as a ''trophy horse'' whose main purpose was to raise money for the group. But the prosecutor decided it was not worth the effort given that Carter had already spent so much time in prison. So did the trucker. Those who know the reality are not prone to buy the myth. These transcripts had not been seen by the defence teams at the original trial. In the film the young Mr. Martin and the commune revive a supposedly despairing Mr. Carter's faith in himself and in his quest for freedom. She decided they were going to free Carter. Ex-boxer Hurricane Carter is a household name Bob Dylan sang about his case, and theres a new movie out about how Carter beat the murder rap he says was brought by racist lawyers and police. For one thing, Carter did not do any civil-rights advocacy of any type before he was convicted of murder. Separating Truth From Fiction in 'The Hurricane', https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/28/movies/separating-truth-from-fiction-in-the-hurricane.html. I'd just do it quicker.". Bradley agreed. This document may be found here. His support had quietened, but one 15-year-old boy and a group of Canadians were about to find their voices. YouTubes privacy policy is available here and YouTubes terms of service is available here. He knocked on Lesra Martin's university door but he found himself drifting back and forth between there and the commune, unable to settle. It later emerged that, after watching the two gunmen leave, Bello went into the bar. However, they separated later. When he woke, he could see nothing but darkness out of his right eye. It was solitary confinement; a tiny, dark room in the bowels of the prison, containing a concrete slab of a bed and a bucket in place of a toilet. Two black men enter the bar. For young Rubin, this act of self-protection, of looking after yourself whoever the opponent, had a lasting effect. Both Gwen Stefani and John Legend turned around, and Carter . On 20 April 2014, at the age of 76, Rubin Carter was gone. Carter thought the driver was acting like it was his right to target them. There is always one of these cases in the news. I don't want to do anything to hurt him," she said at the time. The freedom to love, which he did by divorcing Mae Thelma and marrying Peters. A feel-good screen afterword notes that Mr. Carter lives in Canada and runs an organization that seeks to correct judicial wrongs, and that Mr. Martin has become a lawyer in Canada. When Rubin Hurricane Carter died the other day, the newspapers were filled with articles praising him as some sort of a civil-rights activist who was jailed for a crime he didnt commit. Rubin "Hurricane" Carter (May 6, 1937 - April 20, 2014) was an American-Canadian middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.. Mr. Bello and Mr. Bradley were the only witnesses who identified Mr. Carter and Mr. Artis, and their testimony was decisive in the convictions and the imposition of life sentences. A few months later, a scared, frozen young man stood in the middle of what had once been the execution room, staring across at Carter. Fred Hogan was lying in bed in his barracks in Germany, reading clippings sent by his father about his old friend Rubin. Carter and Ali did not like each other; Carter found Ali rude, while Ali was wary of Carter's friendship with rival boxer Sonny Liston. From his prison cell, McCallum wrote 600 letters. One seriously injured. All in 20 seconds. She devoted more than a year of her life to raising funds for Carter. Carter grew to hate the name - "I came to realise that this is not me. Or she made it up because she wanted to blackmail Carter out of $250,000 (Scott interview) or $100,000 ("Hurricane" book). A good place for him. Carter, 23, is being held in a Paterson, N.J., jail on $75,000 bail, accused of assaulting his pregnant girlfriend so savagely that she suffered a miscarriage. Artis went to visit the Lafayette Bar, to stand in the place where the triple murder he had been accused of had occurred. Guilty. He moved to Dan Blonsky. He was convicted by two juries and served 19 years in prison. Rumors of the beating were starting to get out. So each cult requires a caste of priests, true believers close to the hero who can translate the texts for the masses far away. The film brands the phantom detective as primarily responsible for framing Mr. Carter. Artis, 53 and a youth counselor. an in-depth piece on the case that I wrote for Front Page magazine back in 2000. Both were told the other had implicated them and, unless they confessed now, things would only get worse, just as Carter and Artis had experienced all those years earlier. More likely to be a band in the bar than a gun, he told himself, and he carried on walking. There's always some guy who claims he was unjustly convicted of killing someone. Carter lived in Toronto, Ontario, where he became a Canadian citizen, and was executive director of the Association in Defense of Wrongful Convictions (AIDWYC) from 1993 to 2005. His Blind Audition performance of Lewis Capaldi's "Before You Go" impressed coaches Gwen Stefani and John Legend, who both turned their chairs for him. When Rubin "Hurricane" Carter was at his best as a boxer, it would have been impossible to foresee Nelson Mandela or Bob Dylan doing him any favors. He took his mother to a room and iced down the large lump on her cheek and the black eyes. And Carter was all out of options. Bello grew bored of watching Bradley and turned to walk towards the bar in search of cigarettes. Carter sits up as the police officer leans in and tells them he is "looking for two negroes". Rubin Carter 1937 - Former boxer, activist . He dies in his seat, cigarette still burning in his hand, a bullet in the back of his head. ''I don't know," Artis said. In 2012, he revealed that he had been suffering from terminal prostate cancer. She still believed Carter had been framed, so she reacted naively when, at an event prior to the Ali-Jimmy Young fight in Landover, Md., a man called for Carter's attention. She goes to the window on the corner of East 18th and Lafayette and realises the bar is still open, the neon light still shining into her living room. He never had a blemish on his record. In the build-up to the Giardello fight he talked about his love of guns - "We'd go out in the streets and start fighting, anybody, everybody. Did Carter shoot them?" His single regret in life, he said, was that McCallum was still in prison. His transformation from ill-disciplined street fighter to professional boxer had begun. | The first paramedic to arrive at the Lafayette Bar slips on the blood that is spreading across the floor. I have been with Mercy Health for over 10 years, first as a RN and now as a Family Nurse Practitioner with Mercy Sylvania Family . In fact, Giardello won convincingly. It was a loss that would start the decline of Carter's career. And people who just wish he'd go away, like the citizen of Rubin "Hurricane" Carter's current adopted home city of Toronto who e-mailed me with a plea for New Jersey take him back. In front of the television cameras, he delivered a stinging blow. It was all or nothing. That's another fact curiously left out of the film. Stone had been a strong supporter of Carter's. ''The Hurricane,'' which opens tomorrow, is being billed as ''the triumphant true story of an innocent man's 20-year fight for justice.'' What Rubin was, by age 14, was a prisoner. I wasn't there monitoring what people were doing.". The hole. Perhaps the only one of these characters who hasn't become the subject of a cult of innocence was a man spawned by Hollywood itself. At the edge of the bar sits Hazel Tanis, who has called in for a drink after finishing her waitressing shift. Carter was married to Lisa Peters for the second time. But there he was, between me and the door. old to be tried for a third time. She married Cash on March 1, 1968, and their son, John Carter Cash, was born in 1970. ''I came out of the theater and I was absolutely appalled," says Jim DeSimone, who is 50 and has a family of his own. They suggested she had fallen, "but there was nothing in the room where you might fall and hit your back on, like a dresser.". I was going to go to jail that night," he recalls. The film cast includes two Oscar winners: Denzel Washington and Rod Steiger. Whenever Bob Dylan writes a song about a guy, the guy is guilty as sin. More Local News to Love Start today for 50% off Expires 3/6/23, the website of reporter Cal Deal debunking the Carter myth. A year later, at the iconic Madison Square Garden, he needed just 69 seconds and one punch to knock out Florentino Fernandez. Carter, by now back in Trenton State, did not take visitors. Before that, there was simply the Hurricane Rubin Carter. ", The Hurricane is considered the third and final part of a loose trilogy of racism-themed films directed by. Before his murder trial, Best to Worst Rankings of 1999 Movies Seen. The Reasons to Omit the Usage of Passive Voice in Essays, Unrivaled Mac notes apps for fuss-free note-taking, 6 Actionable Tips for Improving Your Websites SEO, Copyright 2023 | WordPress Theme by MH Themes. Carter was there in spirit if not body as Dylan, Stevie Wonder and Isaac Hayes took to the stage to raise money for Carter's legal fund. He brought on the fury. 19 Years The movie, however, disregards vital elements the police used against Mr. Carter: the finding of a shotgun and a bullet in the Dodge and the murder of the black tavern owner. In 1966, he was arrested for a triple homicide in a bar in Paterson, New Jersey. Carter promptly attacked the preacher - a man who was far older than him. Carter read one. He stabbed a man he claimed was a paedophile and was sent to Jamesburg, which he referred to as a place "where eight-year-old kids become the prey of 15-year-old killers and rapists". ''I didn't see it coming," she says of the punch that floored her. Then you are going to have to kill me. "He said, 'You know I wouldn't touch her.' One of those night owl excursions enmeshed him in the murders, a fact obscured in the movie. "The name was burned in my mind. When did Bob Dylan visit Rubin Carter in prison? But his thing was always mugging women anyway." He moved out in 1994, later saying he felt like trophy horse and a prisoner. He further complains that the commune tried to control his life, with members escorting him everywhere and censoring his words. Raheems mom, Rae Carter, was too upset about the case to talk about it. This is his story. May 6, 1937 Apr 20, 2014 (76 years old), Professional Boxer, Public speaker, Author. No court. None of that happened in real life. Two stints in prison quickly followed - first for skipping jail, then for three apparently spur-of-the-moment muggings. The next day he put her on a plane back to Newark, where she was met by three Newark women. Not at all. David McCallum was still a child, just 16, when he was sentenced to life in prison in 1985. He came out and looked Carter straight in the eye as he said he would be set free, into the custody of his lawyers. In real life, he earned jail time for a long list of offenses that range from purse-snatchings to brutal muggings. A key part of his story was an assertion that the cops had pressured one of his key alibi witnesses, a boxer named "Wild Bill" Hardney, to leave the state so he couldn't testify in Carter's behalf. A prison within a prison. Hazel Tanis (4) has time to leave her seat, but not enough to flee, becoming the fourth to be shot. Martin thought the man looked as though he had something to say, and he wanted to hear it. Carter was released on bail on March 17, 1976, to await a second trial. As for the movie, it seems never to end at all. Apart from having a successful boxing career, Carter has also had his own fair share of controversies. I could have saved them a lot of digging. Artis yells out; Carter throws him the keys to his car - white, with New York plates and triangular tail lights - and tells him to drive. All rights reserved (About Us). He did - and proved true to his word. ORIGINAL LAYOUT. Trustworthy or not, it was all De Simone had. Artis realises this isn't good. Unlike Carter, who at least had the good sense not to be stopped at the scene of the crime, Jamal was literally caught with a smoking gun. TORONTO - Rubin Carter's middleweight championship belt is prominently displayed over the fireplace in his elegant townhouse here, a symbol of the days when he was the fearsome "Hurricane" - the . penn township hanover, pa map . The money was more important than ever - now a retrial had been ordered, Carter would only be able to get out of prison before the proceedings if he could post bail. He went to visit Bradley, who brandished a baseball bat as he welcomed him to the house. ALSO, here's an in-depth piece on the case that I wrote for Front Page magazine back in 2000. Patty Valentine is asleep on her couch, the TV still playing in her flat above the Lafayette. Six weeks later, the tough middleweight boxer beat the 112-pound Kelley into unconsciousness and left her lying in a fetal position on the floor of his hotel room. Carter's career started in 1961 and This case was predicated upon an appeal to racism, rather than reason, and concealment, rather than disclosure.". The murders at the Lafayette Bar and Grill remain unsolved. It's unusual; the Lafayette doesn't serve black patrons. The article documented how Carter had attacked the woman who had helped secure his release. Carter was 76. Carter lies back down and directs Artis to his house, wanting to pick up some more money before heading back out to the bars. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Rubin Carter net worth: Rubin Carter was an American middleweight boxer who had a net worth of $500 thousand dollars.Rubin Carter Net Worth. That was how he got into police work, his son says. Then there's his fight record. On April 20, 2014, he breathed his lastafter suffering from prostate cancer. This time he chose his opponents more wisely. Rubin Carter is a famous American middleweight boxer. Book Online 419-517-7600. 1. waffenwolf 5 yr. ago. They went the full 15 rounds before the referee raised Giardello's arm above his head. But you can't be 100% due to the forensic's at the time (1960s). She goes to her front window before moving into her bedroom, which overlooks Lafayette Street. The Black Panther: The greatest goalkeeper of all time. All essential evidence concerning constitutional violations, manipulated witnesses and prosecutorial misconduct was found by defense lawyers. His convictions were overturned in 1985 and he dedicated the rest of his life advocating for the wrongly convicted. Hollywood is convinced Rubin Carter was railroaded. Snyder . Carter's uncle followed, a shotgun cradled to his chest. "I don't want to press charges Here she was, lying in a hospital bed, claiming Carter had beaten her up in Maryland. He went to the jail where Bello was serving time. The freedom to travel, as he did by moving to Canada two years after his release. Three Canadians Sam Chaiton, Terry Swinton, and Lisa Peters joined Rubin Carters legal crusade in 1980 and helped secure his release in 1985. This time, there would be no trial. In 1985, Carter's murder convictions were again quashed and he was released. The fight - reigning champion against loose cannon - took place against a backdrop of racial tension. Carter spent two years honing his skills before being discharged. My mothers doing it all. He had a short temper and ordered Michael around like a servant. Before the war, he had been a salesman. The couple then separated. A Hurricane victim tells the story of being beaten by Carter, "His rage was just bad timing on my mother's part; it could have been me. Carter was married to Lisa Peters for the second time. "I was his only son. A banging noise wakes her; she assumes it's Jim, closing up for the night. In reality Mr. Artis defiantly rejected an offer to avoid a long prison sentence by falsely incriminating Mr. Carter. I asked Artis whether it is possible Carter could have killed three people in the moments before he offered Artis a ride home. John doesn't have any money." From his cell on death row in Pennsylvania, Jamal inspired a riot in San Francisco. He worked for the wrongly convicted. Object Moved. Carter lived in Toronto, Ontario, where he became a Canadian citizen, and was executive director of the Association in Defense of Wrongful Convictions (AIDWYC) from 1993 to 2005. His movements were overwhelming. He was troubled by the beating. The prosecution claimed Carter was unchanged; a violent man who would always be a danger to the public. For nine years, Carter was a nomad. Denzel Washington is Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, a man whose dreams of winning the middleweight boxing title were destroyed when he was arrested along with another man for the murders of . Since I wrote last week about the recently released movie "The Hurricane," I have heard from a number of people that I can only call Hurricane victims. Some plot and character points were fictionalized or ignored. In 1999, widespread interest in the story of Rubin Carter was revived with a major motion picture, The Hurricane, directed by Norman Jewison and starring Denzel Washington. The story of his plight attracted the attention and support of many luminaries, including Dylan, who visited Carter in prison, wrote the song Hurricane (included on his 1976 album, Desire ), and played it at every stop of his Rolling Thunder Revue tour. There was a whole scandal, and after the anti-trump outrage started, she decided to resign from her position. That is proven by the case of the man who has succeeded Carter as a cult hero, Mumia Abu-Jamal. She's seen enough. They knew they had to keep her from getting the whole story out. Working with his lawyers, the tenacious Canadians compiled a habeas corpus petition. Rubin Carter was born on the 6th May 1937, in Clifton, New Jersey USA, and was a professional middleweight boxer, best known for being wrongfully convicted of murder, and 20 years later released after a habeas corpus petition. In Hollywood, there's money to be made by turning a story on its head. This, apparently, is what "based on a true story" means. It starts with the fudging of Carter's criminal record to make it appear that Carter, then 24, was in jail in 1961 because he fought back against a child molester when he was 11. It was Carter. In the years since his conviction in 1982, Jamal has assembled what may be the largest such cult in history. His days as the 'Hurricane' were over. I stabbed him everywhere but the bottom of his feet." Carter wanted Griffith to lose control when they met. In the mid-1970s, Bob Dylan and half of Hollywood accused DeSimone and other members of the prosecution team of encouraging the state's key witness, Alfred Bello, to falsify testimony. He was just who he was.". "I can't just get out," he told Ali. In fact, he was in jail because he mugged people when he was an adult. He has never denied shooting the police officer. Both were wary. A major fabrication is the creation of a racist Javert-type detective who hounds Mr. Carter from the age of 11 until he finally ensnares him in the triple homicide. The forgotten man of the film is Mr. Artis, the other defendant, whose life was almost destroyed. Seen only briefly, Mr. Artis is portrayed as a clueless youth. Nevertheless, Mr. Carter, a charismatic figure inside prison as well as outside, enlisted help from Fred W. Hogan, an investigator for the New Jersey public defender's office, and Richard Solomon, a freelance writer. He became one of the toughest in the prison, a person who "if they wanted to beat somebody up, they beat them up, because that's how they rule". But home life was difficult. For much of the 1970s and 1980s June's career to a backseat to Johnny's. But in 1999, following what many. Carter's father got out. Firstly, the racial revenge theory; a prosecutor during the trial had said something to the effect of "this is what black people do". In the months immediately after it, she says, she was pressured by Carter's supporters. Carter and Lisa separated later. Carter replies. Giardello was the world middleweight champion, but Carter was at the peak of his career. After his release, he lived in Toronto for a while, became a Canadian citizen, and married a supporter, Lisa Peters. Upon his release, he had joined the Army and then began his boxing career. In 1973 and 1974 Mr. Hogan and this reporter tracked down Mr. Bello and Mr. Bradley, and both men separately recanted their identifications of Mr. Carter and Mr. Artis. Carter griped about the judges, but a poll of ringside sportswriters had Giardello winning 11 rounds to four. Did rubin carter get married Wiki User 2013-12-04 22:52:48 Study now See answer (1) Best Answer Copy yes two wifes lisa and tee Wiki User 2013-12-04 22:52:48 This answer is: Add a. He passes out. There was also the Bello problem. Marins turns his head at both the right and wrong moment. Carter and Reverend Jesse Jackson speak to inmates inside the Pitchess Detention Center in Los Angeles County, California. Over the past 15 weeks 'The Hurricane Tapes' podcast. She called him twice, she says, and each time he cursed at her. Accueil; A propos de nous; Nos produits; Contactez-nous; Accueil; A propos de nous; Nos produits; Contactez-nous Carolyn Kelley when I interviewed her at her boxing gym in Newark in 2000. In fact, the guiltier the better. Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, who died on Easter Sunday, had been transformed into a living symbol of justice denied long before he began the last chapter of his life as a free man in Toronto. But Jamal's lack of an alibi put him at no disadvantage. This is most striking in the case of Jamal. One Christmas, Carter had had enough. In a Maryland hotel room, he beat up the woman who had led the effort to spring him. If not for that minor oversight, we might have been treated to the spectacle of a Sheen or a Baldwin up there on stage tonight with one hand clutching a statue and another wrapped around the waist of Charles Manson. This time, it was for nine. Both Carter's and Jamal's defenders have a habit of dodging questions about innocence and instead focusing on legal loopholes that might give their hero his freedom even if he did commit the crime. Was Rubin Carter wrongly convicted? He was torn. Rubin Carter married, first, in 1963, Mae Thelma Basket. He was 75. Although he has just one good eye - the other is glass - his gaze seems stronger for it. What started as a group of black teenagers throwing rocks at cars turned into a three-day race riot, with 200 of the area's 310 officers on the streets. Anyone can read what you share. At his first trial, Carter produced witness after witness who testified he was somewhere else at the time of the killing. Numerous appeals over nine years in New Jersey courts failed. The hard-working guy who fought for his country gets mocked for his war wounds and is portrayed as a villain. Extract from police interview with Patty Valentine. Artis became so disheartened he stopped going to court. The Hurricane is based on Rubin Carter's biography "The Sixteenth Round" and the book "Lazarus & the Hurricane" written by Sam Chaiton (Sam) and Terence Swinton (Terry). In the movie, he is framed every time. By the way, note my interview with John Artis in the last piece. But the discrepancy between the ''true story'' and what is seen on screen raises serious questions about how Hollywood presents actual events and the liberties taken with the truth. The trivia item below may give away important plot points. Was Rubin Carter married to Lisa Peters at the time? Before long, he was sleeping in a cell to cut down his travelling time. And he's been in jail fifteen or sixteen years. In 1988 the United States Supreme Court upheld the appeal, and after 22 years all accusations against Mr. Carter and Mr. Artis were dismissed. Carter arrived at Trenton State Prison in 1967 and immediately informed the authorities that he would not wear the prison uniform, he would not work in the prison, he would not eat the prison food and he would not do anything for the guards. News & Politics; . Rubin "Hurricane" Carter was a promising young boxer when he and a friend were .