Phoneme Segmentation Fluency (PSF): This test is given in Kindergarten and the first testing period of first grade. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The percentile ranks for the Acadience Reading national norms are based on a large national sample of school children across the United States. h1 04 Oral reading fluency continues into second grade with DIBELS oral reading fluency testing conducted three times a year. Today, we are going to listen for the first sound we hear in words. There are two scores for NWF. The measures are consistent with many of the Common Core State Standards in Reading, especially those for Foundational Skills. What is the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity? 2. NWF-WWR: Nonsense Word Fluency Whole Words Read ORF-WRC: Oral Reading Fluency- Words Read Correctly. The progress monitoring component of the DIBELS Next NWF assessment is extremely valuable. )x[!e%eL)pvV+Pi-@JjTw#H coc p) Melt the butter over medium heat in a large skillet and turn, See John 1:9, Moroni 7:16, Doctrine and Covenants 84:45-46, and 93:2. FbsC0 -PJ3 "\D:7%M]=(3eSiv; - 6V}cg `$1z9PaOT}aCNZc?c T=iVxOP["T4FC pP.A5BH@;p0 i@ B6 . 0AT"mH"{I-qJgg"4Ka9~~x While some students are reading before elementary school, true fluency may not occur until second, third or a later grade for some children. Many improvements, including extending through Grade 8. By the end of kindergarten, the child's nonsense word fluency goal increases to 25. Getting Ready to Implement Intensive Intervention, Lessons Learned from NCIIs First 5 Years, Clarifying Questions to Create a Hypothesis, Progress Monitoring Data Collection & Graphing Tool, Intensifying Literacy Instruction: Essential Practices, Intensive Intervention in Reading Course Content, Intensive Intervention in Mathematics Course Content, Behavior Support for Intensive Intervention Course Content. Children are not tested again on letter names in future grades because they are expected to have mastered it by the beginning of first grade. To keep NWF CLS as much an external criterion as possible for grades K and 1, CLS scores at the beginning and middle of year were examined, as possible (details below). To put it another way, how well a student can segment a spoken word into basic sound segments or phonemes? All rights reserved. 0000003096 00000 n Grades 4-6 added in 2007. t0/:h-`(r8sla` \L{270`HD%Kq c`< 4#o0 x endstream endobj 2234 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[85 2137]/Length 65/Size 2222/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream Composite Score. religion, marital status, disability, veteran status, sexual orientation, gender identity, These measures are designed for students in grades K-8. Step 1: Multiply each subtest raw score by the corresponding weight listed in the table. The number of correct letter sounds produced in 1 minute is known as the Correct Letter Sounds (CLS). Phoneme segmentation fluency is first assessed in kindergarten around mid-year to all students. Assessments of nonsense word fluency begins in the winter of kindergarten with students needing to meet the DIBELS benchmarks score level to be on track for literacy skills. Word Reading Fluency (WRF) is a standardized, individually-administered measure of accuracy and fluency reading sight words. Use the constant values for the missing subtest/s score/s. Nonsense Word Flunecy (NWF) - A DIBELS assessment that measures a student's ability to blend letters into made up words (Dynamic Measurement Group, n.d.). Research on DIBELS is conducted at the University of Oregon (UO) and began in the late 1980s. It is not a reading program. NWF-CLS: Nonsense Word Fluency - Correct Letter Sounds ORF-A: Oral Reading Fluency- Accuracy. 0000001245 00000 n ACADEMIC ONLY: What skills does the tool screen? At risk. )`, h\An0E$gl TeDTn4yJVX^6A%fl}^&jYSz_#f_qyn)\q;CC:fyk3S\QWbZV,vEY=1{:s:=B/+}\]r\k#0C"81! NCII administrators and members of our Technical Review Committees have reviewed the content on this page, but NCII cannot guarantee that this information is free from error or reflective of recent changes to the product. To successfully complete the NWF task, students must rely on their knowledge of letter-sound correspondences and how to blend sounds into whole words. Classroom teachers utilize progress monitoring throughout the year. Standardized directions are used to ask the student to read the make-believe words the best they can, reading either the whole word or saying any sounds they know. NWF assesses knowledge of basic letter-sound correspondences and the ability to blend letter sounds into consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) and vowel-consonant (VC) words. Thats a fact. isolationorinthecontextofthenonsense! Use modeling, teacher-led, and independent practice with feedback to help students build accuracy with a new skill. Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) is a brief, direct measure of the alphabetic principle and basic phonics. CTL is committed to working diligently on the continuous improvement of DIBELS and provide DIBELS users with the best and most informative data on their readers as possible. The DIBELS Composite Score is a combination of multiple DIBELS scores and provides the best overall . Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) is a brief, direct measure of the alphabetic principle and basic phonics. ={q>1v``a8!e cCQk N&)v}3'-rW&IxD:|d4i]s%=A6!>[_9T%3-'mK[7V@9))kg$1E.U5R3nY5+::$ij B,T `#R@70$*i. *In the table below, report the results of the validity analyses described above (e.g., concurrent or predictive validity, evidence based on response processes, evidence based on internal structure, evidence based on relations to other variables, and/or evidence based on consequences of testing), and the criterion measures. The DIBELS Composite Score is a combination of multiple DIBELS scores and provides the best overall estimate of the students early literacy skills and/or reading proficiency. DIBELS is one measure of reading ability that is standardized and used nationally in many schools kindergarten through 3 rd grade (in some cases it may go further, but this is less common). Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) tests your knowledge of basic letter-sound correspondences as well as your ability to blend letter sounds into consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) and vowel-consonant (VC) words. Although DIBELS materials were initially developed to be linked to the local curriculum (Kaminski & Good, 1996), current DIBELS measures are generic and do not draw content from any specific curriculum. hYM +sL./;0VA\2 Data from the 2014-2015 school year were exported from three separate data management systems and combined into one data set. The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) help to identify whether a child will struggle with reading and to identify the child's current reading level. Text Reading and Comprehension. Oral reading fluency refers to the ability to read connected text with ease, accuracy, and expression. How do you calculate DIBELS oral reading fluency? NWF is designed for use with students in kindergarten through grade 2. Being able to say those individual sounds is an indicator for future reading success. How much does it cost to renew your license SA? and the student read /d/ /i/ /f/ the score for correct letter sound would be 3. They are told if they can't read the whole word, they should say any sound they know. hb```b``* B@1V ha` If yes, fill in data for each subgroup with disaggregated validity data. The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) help to identify whether a child will struggle with reading and to identify the child's current reading level. What are the principles architectural types of Islam? Oral reading fluency assessment tests students on how many words they can read in one minute from a grade-level passage. h4j0_Eokt e87%!vFJ:;8 8K*#gv2yF_< n%e ^g-RY.g ytdCvsn2qJKN",#r-A{S b`a*gAe?XQTf.QRrE;c .h7o` Op In turn, students with skills at or above benchmark in the middle of the year have the odds in favor of achieving the end-of-year benchmark goal. If the student does not say any correct letter sounds in the first row, the assessment is discontinued and a score of 0 is recorded. H0F^RGFCVa B K 4 W\;j @f! 1;4, )4@ BQ @ f!0^8w%$0Gsa>:`_@8+:m^A;9pP,];0mS@ CA^VQ4+ d'+HQY8fF The DIBELS measures were specifically designed to assess three of the five components of early literacy: Phonemic Awareness, Alphabetic Principle (Phonics), and fluency with text. DIBELS Composite Score: A combination of multiple DIBELS scores, which provides the best overall estimate of the student's reading proficiency. endstream endobj 727 0 obj <>stream If they fall below that score, teachers are trained to provide immediate, small group or individual intervention. Most tools and programs evaluated by the NCII are branded products which have been submitted by the companies, organizations, or individuals that disseminate these products. Predictive validity for grade K is (a) the correlation between middle-of-year NWF CLS in year 1 and end-of-year ORF Words Correct in year 2 and (b) the correlation between end-of-year NWF CLS in year 1 and end-of-year ORF Words Correct in year 2. It is an assessment system designed to assess all students progress. Word Reading Fluency (WRF) WRF measures the ability to read grade-level words from a page. The goal for a first grader in the winter on the NWF assessment is 43 correct letter sequences (cls) and 8 whole word read (wwr). You may have two students who scored a 17 cls on the assessment, but have two very different needs in terms of intervention. What . Finally, students with skills at or above benchmark at the end of the year have odds in favor of having adequate reading skills on a wide variety of external measures of reading proficiency. Low risk. She was a classroom teacher for 12 years and became a national literacy consultant, traveling the country to work with state departments, school districts and at the school level to improve literacy instruction. The number of correct letter sounds produced in 1 minute is known as the Correct Letter Sounds (CLS). The laying on of hands by those with proper authority (see Acts 8:12-25; Moroni, Is the Honda Accord AWD? Each subtest has been thoroughly researched and demonstrated to be a reliable and valid indicator of early literacy development. These entities supply the textual information shown above, but not the ratings accompanying the text. Tools and programs have the opportunity to be updated annually or upon request. NOTE: The TRC suggests controlling for initial level when the correlation for slope without such control is not adequate. Retaliation is prohibited by 0000003211 00000 n Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious is a collection of words that sound like speech but are actually gibberish nonsense with no meaning. Supported by U.S. Department of Education Office of Special Education Programs, If yes, what technology is required to implement your tool? Getting Ready to Implement Intensive Intervention, Lessons Learned from NCIIs First 5 Years, Clarifying Questions to Create a Hypothesis, Progress Monitoring Data Collection & Graphing Tool, Intensifying Literacy Instruction: Essential Practices, Intensive Intervention in Reading Course Content, Intensive Intervention in Mathematics Course Content, Behavior Support for Intensive Intervention Course Content. mCLASS is a universal screener that measures the development of reading skills of all students in grades K-5 through two main assessments: Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) and the Text Reading Comprehension (TRC) assessments. The program was developed at the University of Oregon and is used to help teachers identify struggling . Correct Letter Sounds Correct Letter Sounds. Each grade has an oral reading fluency goal with testing that begins in the middle of first grade. The student is allowed 1 minute to produce as many letter-sounds as she can, and the final score is the number of letter-sounds produced correctly in one minute. NWF-WWR: Nonsense Word Fluency - Whole Words Read ORF-WRC: Oral Reading Fluency- Words Read Correctly. Here is what DIBELS measures: We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The students are tested three times a year; Fall, Mid-Year, and Spring. 21hzaL:PQF (T8&FDiEk7qB115`a(LL3XH"4sf,tQ8wNhP6!__ArChPX)k*4(TZte5P5]"?t%4F`!Ml4 Students continue to be assessed until the beginning of second grade. Phoneme Segmentation Fluency DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency Practice Activity Instructions for Completing the Activity: 1. DIBELS consists of the 6 following tests: DIBELS Next. At the beginning of second grade, students still need to be at or above 50 with intervention provided for children below that until they reach goals. Acadience Learning: Customer support is available from 8:00am to 5:00pm PST, Monday through Friday by phone, email, or through Acadience Learning's website; Voyager Sopris: Customer support is available 8:00am to 6:00pm CST, Monday through Friday by phone, email, or through the Voyager Sopris website. endstream endobj 725 0 obj <>stream prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, national or ethnic origin, age, Use your district log-in. Calculating Accuracy: o The formula is the median number of words read correctly divided by the median number of correct words plus incorrect words (or total words read), times 100. The DIBELS Composite Score is a combination of multiple DIBELS scores and provides the best overall estimate of the student's early literacy skills and/or reading proficiency. Then, in Dibels, what does NWF CLS mean? Tools and programs have the opportunity to be updated annually or upon request. A benchmark goal indicates a level of skill where the student is likely to achieve the next DIBELS benchmark goal or reading outcome. The NWF measure takes about 2 minutes to administer and has over 20 alternate forms, per grade, for monitoring progress. First grade goals fall, winter and spring are 24, 50 and 50 respectively. In many ways, the DIBELS 8th Edition does not look all that different from prior editions of DIBELS, including DIBELS Next. If the student read /di/ /f/ or "dif", the score would also be 3. What is DIBELS? For example, if the nonsense word was . Student skills at or above benchmark at the beginning of the year put the odds in favor of the student achieving the middle-of-year benchmark goal. -5u@uc These handouts are designed to be sent home following each benchmark period. $&mz>W { What is the scariest road in North Carolina? Wl03-hI.m[=-lv;q_` #J NWF Nonsense Word Fluency Focus: CLS (Correct Letter Sounds) WWR (Whole Words Read) Measure of the alphabetic principle and basi c phonics. The color of their TRC level indicates their proficiency in reading comprehension (accuracy, fluency, oral comprehension and written comprehension). The Correct Letter Sounds (CLS) is the number of letter sounds produced correctly. Researchers at UO began work on DIBELS 8th Edition in 2016 and over the course of three years have been hard at work making the 8th Edition of DIBELS better than any previous DIBELS edition. The predictive validity coefficients reported below represent the correlations between NWF CLS in the first year (year 1) and the students' scores on ORF Words Correct at the end of the following year (year 2). NWF is only administered at the beginning of year in grade 2. 0000011258 00000 n But DIBELS 8th Edition is more useful for more students in more grades than ever before. Assesses student knowledge of basic letter-sounds and the ability to blend letter sounds into nonsense words DORF DIBELS Oral Reading Fluency Measure of the ability to read words accurately, effortlessly Correct Letter Sounds At the beginning of the second grade year, the student oral reading fluency goal is 44 words per minute, the mid-year goal is 68 and the end-of-year goal is 90 words per minute. Since then, an ongoing series of studies on DIBELS has documented the reliability and validity of the various DIBELS subtests, as well as their sensitivity to student change. Descriptive Information. 0000003297 00000 n 0000004544 00000 n The term can also refer to the act of putting alcohol or drugs on ones buttocks in order to become inebriated. Non-sense Word Fluency (NWF) Students are given a list of non-sense words to read. The final combined sample included approximately 2,765,000 students from 8,805 schools within 2,211 school districts in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, representing every census region in the United States. Credit is given for each correct letter sound (CLS) the student identifies, DIBELS added measures of comprehension, including Maze. At that point, a child reading below 20 words in a minute must receive immediate intervention. Please describe specific domain, skills or subtests: If yes, what technology is required to implement your program? hj0Ee%Rd).Z[4WvK George and Henrietta, Anton Du Bekes twins, are now four years old. The DIBELS measures were specifically designed to assess three of the five components of early literacy: Phonemic Awareness, Alphabetic Principle (Phonics), and fluency with text. Title IX Coordinator, Office of Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity, or to the Office 0000023169 00000 n endstream endobj 728 0 obj <>stream NCII administrators and members of our Technical Review Committees have reviewed the content on this page, but NCII cannot guarantee that this information is free from error or reflective of recent changes to the product. Teachers can't wait that long to assess a student's reading skills. DIBELS stands for Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills. Nonsense word fluency is an assessment made up of nonsense words with students being assessed on their ability to read as many as they can in one minute. Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) - Correct Letter Sounds (CLS) 20+ 36+ 49+ 47+ 78+ 87+ 86+ 103+ 117+ 121+ 138+ 141+ 19 35 25 48 31 46 30 77 52 86 55 85 50 . The ultimate language arts goal is for students to be able to read books fluently and also comprehend what they read. In the Benchmark Goal Study, the 40th percentile at or above the GRADE Total Test Raw Score was used as one approximation of adequate reading skill. Nonsense words are a syllable that aid students in learning how to decode larger words. NWF >= 25. v\GMyC. DIBELS were designed for use in identifying children experiencing difficulty in First grade goals fall, winter and spring are 24, 50 and 50 respectively. Teachers can use DIBELS results to help them design their overall instructional reading plan. If criterion-referenced, describe procedure for specifying criterion for adequate growth and benchmarks for end-of-year performance levels. Well Below Benchmark. Your NWF data can be used to quickly identify sound errors as well as identify where your student falls on the word-blending continuum. Questions may be referred to the Let's take a look at a few students. Pretentious diction and meaningless words are discussed by Orwell. When you use mCLASS, you can be assured your students are getting the best the Science of Reading has to offer. noun. NWF is not administered at the end of second grade, so concurrent validity could not be calculated. 1400 Crystal Drive, 10th Floor Arlington, VA 22202 TRC. What is a nonsense word? Following a model and a practice item, the student is presented with a sheet of randomly ordered VC and CVC nonsense words (e.g., dif, ik, nop). CLS (Correct Letter Sounds) WWR (Whole Words Read) Measure of the alphabetic. 12/1/2016. Measure/Skills Assessed: PSF-Phonological Awareness. h|P04M*ltyUE&_l+KR`#L8bIV0db+I9IR0i$U T@xpU[0V2XWE^4=)Mr4Mr&p^&e=eA_Ww`#}0OiTBE^"~_QYE}e.gErj _p 2222 14 The Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation (GRADE; Williams, 2001), a high- quality, nationally norm-referenced assessment, was used as an external criterion in the Benchmark Goal Study. NWF (CLS) - Nonsense Word Fluency Correct Letter Sounds - The number of correct letter sounds students can indentify correctly in one minute (Dynamic Measurement Group, n.d.). Use the drop down menu to select the report year and period (Fall, Winter, Spring). The ability to isolate the first sound in a word is an important phonemic awareness skill that is highly related to reading acquisition and reading achievement (Yopp, 1988). Iggily biggily. Students receive an overall ranking of Intensive (Red), Strategic (Yellow), or Core (Green) to show what type of support is needed. NWF is not administered at the end of second grade, so concurrent validity could not be calculated. Mark Shinn (Professor in the College of Education at the University of Oregon for 19 years) actually originated the name Dynamic Indicators of Basic Skills (Shinn, 1989, 1999). The principle vision for Acadience Reading K-6 is a step-by-step vision. Students ability to decode nonsense words can be revealed in a quick assessment if they have learned the common sounds of the words. By the end of first grade they are at risk if they are reading below 40 words. Third grade goals are 77, 92 and 110 at the beginning, middle and end-of-year points respectively. 724 0 obj <>stream Seattle Pi: What Do Teachers Do With Students' DIBELS Reading Assessment Results. DIBELS 8th Edition Benchmark Goals Updated: July 2020 . 1400 Crystal Drive, 10th Floor Arlington, VA 22202 Also, Im curious as to what Dibels nonsense word fluency is. DIBELS guidelines also specify that by the beginning of first grade, children need to be able to identify 37 letter names in one minute. Click Standardized Test Reporting. hn0_o?J@Xm r$Z& NWF. Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) tests your knowledge of basic letter-sound correspondences as well as your ability to blend letter sounds into consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) and vowel-consonant (VC) words. Our assessments have been built on decades of research in curriculum-based measurement science, delivering a proven approach that screens for at-risk . NWF-CLS: Nonsense Word Fluency Correct Letter Sounds ORF-A: Oral Reading Fluency- Accuracy. Most tools and programs evaluated by the NCII are branded products which have been submitted by the companies, organizations, or individuals that disseminate these products. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. 0000002328 00000 n Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Education, Explore state by state cost analysis of US colleges in an interactive article. The DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) measure is a standardized, individually administered test of the alphabetic principle including letter-sound correspondence in which letters represent their most common sounds and of the ability to blend letters into words in which letters represent their most common sounds (Kaminski & Good, 1996). The use of generic CBM methodology is typically referred to as General Outcome Measurement (GOM) (Fuchs & Deno, 1994). (NWF) Word Reading Fluency (WRF) Students clap syllables, jump on each one, or do something else to indicate the number of syllables in a word. These students are doing very well and are at very low risk for future reading difficulties. (Select all that apply). We frequently break words into syllables when teaching phonemic awareness. Select Teacher Class Report Choose DIBELS test (Click on DIBELS). 0000005245 00000 n If this goal is not reached, the child may be placed in a small group with the teacher or teaching assistant to practice letter sounds. Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF): Nonsense word fluency begins in kindergarten and is tested through second grade. 15 <= NWF < 25. ZCp>N+~-e]ZecI%/K1>+c,K.uRdak8IHjZdp"deQum,#lKZ;`J0 'rBN/K\)=>J/D.mx6q_^y4|> Vi>;Tr> G :< The fundamental logic for developing the benchmark goals and cut points for risk was to begin with the external outcome goal and work backward in that step-by- step system. Nonsense Word Fluency (NWF) - Words Recoded Correctly (WRC) ACADEMIC ONLY: What dimensions does the tool assess? First Sound Fluency (FSF): This assessment is given only in kindergarten and only at the first and second benchmark period. What does CLS mean in DIBELS? Next we specified the benchmark goal and cut point for risk for end-of-year NWF CLS with respect to the end-of-year external criterion. Overview of the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity, Behavior Supports for Intensive Intervention, Intensive Intervention & Special Education, How can we Ensure IEP Teams Provide the Most Intensive Supports, Supporting Students with Disabilities at School and Home, Intensive Intervention & English Learners, Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity: Considerations for English Learners, Intensive Intervention & Virtual Delivery, Going Virtual: Considerations for Adjusting DBI, Using Sample Lessons to Support Continuity of Learning, Intensive Intervention Infographics for Families, Using Sample Lessons for Continuity of Learning, Strengthening Intensive Intervention Preparation: A Guide for Faculty, Stanford Achievement Test: 10th Edition (SAT-10), Cut Points - Percentile rank on criterion measure, Cut Points - Performance score on criterion measure, Cut Points - Corresponding performance score (numeric) on screener measure, AUC Estimates 95% Confidence Interval: Lower Bound, AUC Estimates 95% Confidence Interval: Upper Bound. PSF- Phoneme Segmentation Fluency Supporting English Learners Using Data to Drive Instruction. The research-based subtests are predictive of later reading proficiency and contribute to a composite score that is the single best predictor of later reading development. Communicate DIBELS Next assessment results with parents using these Make, Take & Teach parent handouts. What is NWF? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. word.! The purpose of DIBELS is to measure a variety of reading skills and predict outcomes for students. It assesses knowledge of basic letter-sound correspondences and the ability to blend letter sounds into consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) and vowel-consonant (VC) words. In the table below, report predictive validity of the slope (correlation between the slope and achievement outcome) by grade level (if relevant). Benchmark cut points, as well as cut points for intensive intervention, are available at https://dibels.uoregon.edu/docs/marketplace/dibels/DIBELS-6Ed-Goals.pdf. These nonsense words are letter sequences that are pronounceable and follow regular phonetic rules, but they have no meaning, such as bif, yom, or mig. What are the Microsoft Word shortcut keys? Can you put a single curtain panel on a window? 0000000016 00000 n Therefore, the reported predictive validity coefficient is the correlation between beginning-of-year NWF CLS in year 1 and end-of-year ORF Words Correct in year 2. and gender expression in all programs, activities and employment practices as required by Subtract the errors from the total and record the words read correctly . If your program requires additional technology not listed above, please describe the required technology and the extent to which it is combined with teacher small-group instruction/intervention: If the student does not get any sounds correct in words 1-5, discontinue the task and record a score of 0. If their DIBELS scoring is lower than 35, the teacher should provide immediate, intensive intervention. Words or language that have little or no meaning. Count and record the total number of errors. M{gq"DiSMu1J_iU(cxpR]eiyX2swqY\AQDQEHdE]\tv`_vap~AVG\M63.pUcpS:].x%_9WQ9XQ9TX@5g8gN}~g#=zwT & To have tolerated enough nonsense: conduct, action, etc. The DIBELS Initial Sounds Fluency (ISF) Measure is a standardized, individually administered measure of phonological awareness that assesses a childs ability to recognize and produce the initial sound in an orally presented word (Kaminski & Good, 1996, 1998; Laimon, 1994). When a student provides multiple responses for the same item on LNF, ORF, or Correct Letter Sounds (CLS) from NWF, the responses are treated as self .
When Will The Santa Cruz Flea Market Reopen, Pepsi Marketing Campaign, Homes For Sale In Jumonville Meraux, La, Articles W